The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an agent inhibiting gene expression or protein activity of osteopontin as an active ingredient for preventing or treating neurodegenerative disease. According to the present invention, there is an effect of suppressing amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced neuronal cell death by downregulating the expression or activity of osteopontin. In addition, an inhibitor against the expression or activity of osteopontin decreases a level of pro-inflammatory proteins and conversely, increases a level of anti-inflammatory proteins. Therefore, it is expected that the present invention can be advantageously used as a therapeutic agent for various neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, and determination of treatment regimens in subjects suffering from or suspected of having a renal injury. In particular, the invention relates to using assays that detect C—C motif chemokine 16, C—C motif chemokine 14, and Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker assays in renal injuries.

The present disclosure provides antibodies that specifically bind to human OX40 receptor (OX40) and compositions comprising such antibodies. In a specific aspect, the antibodies specifically bind to human OX40 and modulate OX40 activity, e.g., enhance, activate, or induce OX40 activity, or reduce, deactivate, or inhibit OX40 activity. The present disclosure also provides methods for treating disorders, such as cancer, by administering an antibody that specifically binds to human OX40 and modulates OX40 activity, e.g., enhances, activates, or induces OX40 activity. Also provided are methods for treating autoimmune or inflammatory diseases or disorders, by administering an antibody that specifically binds to human OX40 and modulates OX40 activity, e.g., reduces, deactivates, or inhibits OX40 activity.

Disclosed are means, methods and compositions of matter useful for quantifying the potency of regenerative therapeutics based on utilization of immunotherapies to induce tissue repair. In one embodiment said immunotherapy with regenerative activity is a T regulatory cell based therapy for stroke whose potency is quantified by assessment of one or more from the following: a) basal production of regenerative factors; b) induced production of regenerative factors; c) ability to prevent apoptosis of a target cell of interest; d) ability to stimulation proliferation of a target cell; and e) ability to induce proliferation of a progenitor cell belonging to tissue type of which therapy is desired.

The present invention relates to the use of the Chemokine (C—C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) as a biomarker to stratify or identify populations of patients suffering from interleukin-23 (IL23)-mediated diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease) responsive to treatment with an, anti-IL23 antagonist (including, e.g., anti-IL23 antibodies). Levels of CCL20 above or below a predetermined threshold can be used, for example, (i) to determine whether a patient with an IL23-mediated disease or disorder such a Crohn's disease is eligible or non-eligible for treatment with a therapeutic agent, (ii) to determine whether treatment with a certain agent should be commenced, suspended, or modified, (iii) to diagnose whether the IL23-mediated disease is treatable or not treatable with a specific therapeutic agent, or (iv) to predict the outcome of treating the IL23-mediated disease with a specific therapeutic agent. CCL20 can be used in combination with other IL23 pathway biomarkers such as IL22 and/or lipocalin-2 (LCN2).

Methods of determining one or more ratios of chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid of an individual selected from the group consisting of: MIF:MIP1a, M1F:CXCL1; MIF:CXCL5; MIF:CXCL8; M1F:CXCL2; and MIF:CXCL6 and methods of identifying an individual as having gingivitis comprising determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Methods of treating individuals who are identified as having gingivitis by determining one or more ratios of the chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of monitoring the treatment individuals who have gingivitis.

Disclosed is a method of determination of a pollution protection factor (PPF) of a cosmetic composition, comprising: (a) a step of testing, by any known test method, the ability (α) of the cosmetic composition to render ineffective at least one type of pollutant present on the skin and expressing it on a scale of 0 to 1, followed by calculating said PPF by equation A, where (1−α) indicates corresponding potential residual damage to the skin wherein said composition comprises at least one ingredient known to render ineffective said at least one type of pollutant and said at least one ingredient is an anti-inflammatory or antioxidant; or alternatively, (b) a step of testing, by any known test method, the ability (β) of the cosmetic composition to inhibit the contact of at least one type of pollutant with skin and expressing it also on a scale of 0 to 1, followed by calculating said PPF by equation B, where (1−β) indicates corresponding potential residual damage to the skin wherein said composition comprises at least one ingredient known to inhibit the contact of at least one type of pollutant with skin and wherein said ingredient is a sunscreen, a barrier enhancer or a polymer; or further alternatively, (c) a step of testing, by any known test method, the ability (γ) of the cosmetic composition to remove at least one type of pollutant present on the skin, expressing it also on a scale of 0 to 1, followed by calculating said PPF by equation C, where (1−γ) indicates corresponding potential residual damage to the skin.

The invention includes compositions comprising a therapeutic agent that decreases the population of pathological CD4g13 T cells, g13Th1 or g13Th2, in a subject and compositions comprising a therapeutic agent that increases the population of protective CD4g13 T cells, g13Th1 or g13Th2, in a subject. The invention also includes methods for treating an inflammatory or autoimmune disease in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a therapeutic agent that increases the population of protective CD4g13 T cells, methods for detecting a protective or pathological immune response and methods for stimulating a protective CD4g13 T cell-mediated immune response to a cell population or a local tissue or organ in a subject in need thereof. The invention further includes a kit for diagnosing a pathological or protective g13Th1 or g13Th2 T cell responses in a subject.

An object of the present invention is to provide a TARC-containing composition with high storage stability. Provided is a composition including TARC (Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine) and a polymer having 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine as a structural unit, and being in liquid form. The aforementioned object is achieved by the composition.

The present invention relates to an anti-CD70 antibody and an application thereof. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to an anti-CD70 antibody, which comprises a light chain variable region and a heavy chain variable region of the antibody, and a use as a drug.