Artificial blood for a bloodstain pattern analysis includes water, an amino acid solution, bovine serum albumin, hemoglobin from bovine blood, potassium ferricyanide, sodium hyaluronate, sodium chloride, and tar color.

The present invention relates to a method for quantitative measurement of catechol estrogen bound protein in blood sample. By detecting adduction levels of binding sites of the catechol estrogen on the protein in blood sample, the catechol estrogen bound protein in the blood sample can be detected quantitatively and a limit of quantitation can be decreased.

A method for assessing an effect of hypoxia on a tissue includes providing a sample of the tissue in a hermetically sealed container, determining a first amount of a reaction substrate (e.g., protocatechuic acid) to be introduced into the sealed container and determining a second amount of a reaction enzyme (e.g., protocatechuate dioxygenase) to be introduced into the sealed container. The method further includes introducing the reaction substrate and the reaction enzyme into the sealed container. At least one of the first amount of the reaction substrate and the second amount of the reaction enzyme is selected to induce at least one of a predetermined amount of hypoxia less than anoxia and a predetermined rate of hypoxia in the tissue during a reaction between the reaction substrate and the reaction enzyme. Values of properties of the tissue can be measured before and after the reaction to assess effects of hypoxia.

A dose determination program for an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent that is executable by a computer. The program causes the computer to perform: obtaining a predetermined target hemoglobin concentration; obtaining a first concentration and a first dose in a stable state in which a hemoglobin concentration is stable at the first concentration by repeatedly administering the first dose a plurality of times, and calculating a second dose of the erythropoiesis-stimulating agent based on the obtained target hemoglobin concentration, the obtained first concentration, and the obtained first dose, the second dose of the erythropoiesis-stimulating agent being to be administered by a fixed amount.

Methods and compositions for treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria are described. In some aspects, the disclosure features a method of treating a subject suffering from paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), comprising subcuta-neously administering to the subject pegcetacoplan.

The precision of a lateral flow assay for determining the concentration of an analyte in the plasma fraction of a sample of whole blood can be significantly improved by applying an integrated step for determining the hematocrit of the optionally diluted sample, and taking both hematocrit and dilution factor into account when calculating the concentration of the analyte. This is made possible inter alia by using a predetermined wavelength when taking an image of the sample after application to a substrate in the lateral flow assay device, and wherein said wavelength is selected based on the dilution factor used. This hematocrit measurement is advantageously integrated in lateral flow assay methods and devices for the measurement of an analyte in plasma and contributes significantly to an improved precision of such assays.

An optical blood monitoring system and corresponding method avoid the need to obtain a precise intensity value of the light impinging upon the measured blood layer during the analysis. The system is operated to determine at least two optical measurements through blood layers of different thickness but otherwise substantially identical systems. Due to the equivalence of the systems, the two measurements can be compared so that the bulk extinction coefficient of the blood can be calculated based only on the known blood layer thicknesses and the two measurements. Reliable measurements of various blood parameters can thereby be determined without certain calibration steps.

A test apparatus and method for measuring a concentration of a target by correcting for an impact of hemoglobin are provided. The target measurement method includes measuring an absorbance of hemoglobin in a sample, measuring an absorbance of a target in the sample, determining variation of the absorbance of the target according to the measured absorbance of the hemoglobin, and correcting the absorbance of the target by subtracting the determined variation of the absorbance of the target from the measured absorbance of the target.

The present invention relates to a container comprising haemoglobin fractions, wherein said container comprising at least two compartments, wherein a first compartment comprises O2Hb (oxyhaemoglobin) and a second compartment comprises MetHb (methaemoglobin), optionally wherein O2Hb is stabilized. The invention also relates to a kit for determining the reliability of a CO-oximetry device, wherein said kit comprises said container and to a method for determining the reliability of a CO-oximetry device using said container.

An analysis chip for capillary electrophoresis includes a capillary tube, and a filter that is provided upstream of the capillary tube. The chip can also include an introducing tank connected to one end of the capillary tube, and a discharging tank connected to another end of the capillary tube.