Clear toner compositions for use in offset lithography (or offset printing). Such clear toner compositions comprising a toner particle comprising a polyester resin, a highly crosslinked resin, a surface additive applied to a surface of the toner particle, which exhibit desirable properties, including for example, having low haze level.

A process includes forming an emulsion comprising a monomer and a colorant, the colorant further including an anionic functional group and a lipophilic counter ion, and polymerizing the monomer to form a latex, the latex includes polymer nanoparticles having the colorant dispersed therein.

A toner consists essentially of food-grade components. Because the toner consists essentially of food-grade components, it can be used to provide a coating or create an image on food products, including those intended for human or animal consumption.

A toner set for electrostatic image development includes a white toner including white toner particles containing a polyester resin and a white colorant, and a non-white color toner including color toner particles containing a vinyl resin, a polyester resin, and a color colorant, in which a mass ratio C of the polyester resin to the vinyl resin in the color toner particles is 0.7 or more and 10 or less.

A process includes forming an emulsion comprising a monomer and a colorant, the colorant further including an anionic functional group and a lipophilic counter ion, and polymerizing the monomer to form a latex, the latex includes polymer nanoparticles having the colorant dispersed therein.

A resin composite particle includes a continuous phase formed of a polyester resin, and a dispersed phase formed of a vinyl resin and dispersed in the continuous phase, the volume average particle diameter of the resin composite particles being from 50 nm to 1,000 nm.

The present disclosure relates to a composition and a method to prepare a polymer nanoparticle using miniemulsion polymerization (MEP) comprising a monomer, a reactive co-stabilizer and a reactive surfactant. The reactive co-stabilizer as disclosed is a methacrylate containing perfluorinated or semifluorinated side chains like 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl methacrylate (H.sub.2F.sub.8MA). Further, the reactive stabilizer as used in the preparation is cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAB). The polymer nanoparticle as formed has an enhanced stability and low VOC as compared to a pure polymer prepared by MEP.

The present disclosure relates to a composition and a method to prepare a polymer nanoparticle using miniemulsion polymerization (MEP) comprising a monomer, a reactive co-stabilizer and a reactive surfactant. The reactive co-stabilizer as disclosed is a methacrylate containing perfluorinated or semifluorinated side chains like 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl methacrylate (H.sub.2F.sub.8MA). Further, the reactive stabilizer as used in the preparation is cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAB). The polymer nanoparticle as formed has an enhanced stability and low VOC as compared to a pure polymer prepared by MEP.

To provide a method for producing a compound that enhances dispersibility of a pigment of respective colors in a water-insoluble solvent, as well as a pigment dispersant, and a pigment composition, a pigment dispersion and a toner having a good tinting power. A method for producing a compound, including the following: (i): subjecting a polymerizable monomer forming a monomer unit represented by formula (1) to radical polymerization in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator and an iodine molecule to provide a polymer; and (ii): binding a colorant to a terminal of a main chain of the polymer: ##STR00001##
wherein
R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group, and
R.sub.2 represents a phenyl group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group or a carboxamide group.

A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image contains toner particles that contain binder resins including an amorphous resin and a crystalline resin and also contain an oligomer. The molecular weight distribution curve of the toner measured by gel permeation chromatography has its highest peak in a range of molecular weights from 5000 to 50000 and a peak or shoulder in a range of molecular weights from 500 to 5000. In a cross-sectional observation of the toner particles, domains of the crystalline resin have an average length of major axis of 100 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.