Methods of making a crosslinked fluorescent latex are provided. In an embodiment, such a method comprises adding a water-soluble initiator to an uncrosslinked fluorescent latex comprising water and uncrosslinked resin particles comprising an unsaturated resin and a fluorescent agent incorporated therein; and exposing the water-soluble initiator to conditions to activate the water-soluble initiator and induce crosslinking reactions between the activated water-soluble initiator and the unsaturated resin, thereby forming a crosslinked fluorescent latex comprising crosslinked fluorescent resin particles comprising crosslinked resin and the fluorescent agent incorporated therein. Crosslinked fluorescent latexes are also provided, as are fluorescent toners made from the same.

A toner including toner particles comprising at least one resin, in combination with an optional colorant, and an optional wax; and a copolymer toner additive on at least a portion of an external surface of the toner particles, the copolymer toner additive comprising a first monomer having a high carbon to oxygen ratio of from about 3 to about 8; and a second monomer comprising two or more vinyl groups, wherein the second monomer is present in the copolymer in an amount of from greater than about 8 percent by weight to about 60 percent by weight, based on the weight of the copolymer; wherein the copolymer toner additive has a volume average particle diameter of from about 20 nanometers to less than about 70 nanometers. An emulsion aggregation toner process including the copolymer as a toner surface additive.

A toner including: a toner particle that includes a binder resin; and an external additive, wherein a toner hardness A N/m and a toner hardness B N/m satisfy B≥600 and B/A≥1.30, in the formulas, the toner hardness A is an average value of a slope in a displacement region of from 0.00 μm to 0.20 μm when measuring the toner under a condition of a load application speed of 0.83 μN/sec, and the toner hardness B is an average value of a slope in a displacement region of from 0.00 μm to 0.20 μm when measuring the toner under a condition of a load application speed of 2.50 μN/sec.

The toner has a toner particle that contains a binder resin, wherein the binder resin contains a styrene-acrylic resin that has a structure derived from a crosslinking agent, the binder resin includes tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter in an amount of from 5 mass % to 60 mass % of the binder resin, and the crosslinking agent contains a polymeric compound provided by an addition reaction at least between a particular multifunctional (meth)acrylate compound and a particular polyvalent mercapto compound.

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle containing a binder resin and an external additive. The external additive includes resin particles. The toner mother particles have a chargeability opposite to a chargeability of the resin particles. Each of the resin particles has an embedded portion embedded in a surface portion of the toner mother particle and a protruding portion protruding outward from the toner mother particle in a radial direction of the toner mother particle. In a cross section of the resin particle, a relationship 0.60≤L.sub.A/(L.sub.A+L.sub.B)≤0.80 is satisfied where L.sub.A represents a maximum length of the embedded portion in the radial direction of the toner mother particle and L.sub.B represents a maximum length of the protruding portion in the radial direction of the toner mother particle.

A polymeric composition including a copolymer comprising a first monomer having a high carbon to oxygen ratio of from about 3 to about 8; a second monomer comprising two or more vinyl groups, wherein the second monomer is present in the copolymer in an amount of from greater than about 8 percent by weight to about 40 percent by weight, based on the weight of the copolymer; and optionally, a third monomer comprising an amine, wherein the third monomer is present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 1.5 percent by weight, based on the weight of the copolymer; and a surfactant, wherein the surfactant has a minimum surface tension at critical micelle concentration of less than about 30 mN/m. A toner including the copolymer as a toner surface additive. An emulsion aggregation toner process including the copolymer as a toner surface additive.

A toner including: a toner particle that includes a binder resin and a crystalline material, wherein the binder resin includes a vinyl resin having an ether structure, and where intensities of secondary ion mass/secondary ion charge number (m/z) of 59, 44, and 135 are denoted by A (ppm), B (ppm), and C (ppm), respectively, in a measurement of the toner by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, the intensities at 100 nm from the surface of the toner satisfy the relationships of the following formulas (1) and (2):
C/(A+B)≤1.00  (1)
(A+B)≥2000  (2).

A toner comprising a resin that contains an amorphous segment and a crystalline segment as a binder resin, wherein a proportion of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter of a resin component is from 40% by mass to 80% by mass; in differential scanning calorimeter measurement of the tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter, where a temperature of a maximum endothermic peak is denoted by Tm [ C.] and an endothermic quantity is denoted by H(I) [J/g], the following formulas (1) and (2) are satisfied:

55.0Tm80.0(1)

10.0H(I)80.0(2).

A toner comprising a toner particle including a binder resin, wherein in a temperature T ( C.)-storage elastic modulus G (Pa) curve obtained by measuring the toner with a rheometer, a storage elastic modulus G (80 C.) at 80 C. is from 2.010.sup.3 Pa to 2.010.sup.5 Pa; and a local minimum value of a change amount (dG/dT) of a storage elastic modulus G in a range of 60 C. to 80 C. with respect to a temperature T is 1.010.sup.6 or less, and when the temperature of the toner is raised, where a projected area of the toner at 80 C. is S.sub.1 (m.sup.2), a radius of the projected area of the toner at 80 C. is R.sub.1 (m), and a projected area of the toner at 120 C. is S.sub.2 (m.sup.2), the S.sub.1, R.sub.1 and S.sub.2 satisfy a following formula (1):

S.sub.2/S.sub.11/R.sub.10.22.(1)

The toner contains a toner particle that has a binder resin, wherein an amount of a tetrahydrofuran THF-insoluble matter A collected when a THF dispersion of the binder resin is passed through a first filter having an average pore diameter of 8 m, is not more than 10 mass % of the binder resin, and an amount of a THF-insoluble matter B collected when the THF dispersion that has been passed through the first filter is passed through a second filter having an average pore diameter of 0.8 m, is from 5 mass % to 50 mass % of the binder resin.