This disclosure relates to a liquid electrophotographic composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer resin, a charge adjuvant, microspheres, and a liquid carrier. Each microsphere comprises a shell of material encapsulating a gas. The microspheres are present in an amount of 5 to 90 weight % of the total weight of solids in the composition.

Provided is a liquid developer with excellent image quality, fixability and storage stability, containing a toner particle with both good dispersion stability and good surface smoothness, the liquid developer contains an insulating liquid and a toner particle that is insoluble in the insulating liquid, and the toner particle contains a colorant having an acidic group and a binder resin, or a colorant and a binder resin having an acidic group, and a polyamine compound.

Herein is disclosed a cyan electrostatic ink composition, the cyan electrostatic ink composition comprising: a cyan pigment, a basic dispersant, a phthalocyanine having acid groups, a resin and a charge director.

Provided in one example herein is a liquid electrophotographic ink composition. The composition comprises: a carrier fluid comprising a polymer; ink particles each comprising a non-aqueous polymeric resin and pigment particles distributed in the polymeric resin; and a charge director. The pigment particles comprise a metal oxide and have a hydrophobic surface. The hydrophobic surface comprises at least one of the following: (i) nanoparticles attached to each of the pigment particles, the nanoparticles comprising at least one of an oxide, a phosphate, and a nitrate; (ii) a coating disposed over each of the pigment particles, the coating comprising at least one of an oxide, a phosphate, and a nitrate; and (iii) a coating disposed over each of the pigment particles, the coating comprising at least one of a polymer and an oligomer.

Disclosed herein is an electrostatic ink composition comprising a component selected from a fatty acid ester having a plurality of hydroxyl substituents and a fatty acid amide having a plurality of hydroxyl substituents. Also described herein are scratch-off structures and methods for producing them.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin binder containing a polyester-based resin and a colorant, a dispersant, and an insulating liquid, wherein the dispersant contains a dispersant X having an adsorbing group having a nitrogen-containing group represented by the formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, which may be identical or different, is an alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, an alkynylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, or an arylene group having 6 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, and a dispersing group having a hydrocarbon group having a number-average molecular weight of 500 or more, and wherein the dispersant X has a mass ratio of the adsorbing group to the dispersing group (adsorbing group/dispersing group) of 1/99 or more and 42/58 or less, and a proportion of the dispersing group having a hydrocarbon group having a number-average molecular weight of 500 or more in all the dispersing groups of 55% by mass or more. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in, for example, electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a white liquid developer that contains at least white toner particles containing a titanium oxide (A) as a pigment and a binder resin (B), a basic polymeric dispersant (C), and a carrier liquid (D), wherein the titanium oxide (A) is a titanium oxide that has been surface-treated with alumina and an organic compound, and the binder resin (B) has a solubility parameter (SP value) of 10 to 13.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member that rotates at a first speed, an intermediate transfer member that rotates at a second speed lower than the first speed, and a collecting member disposed in a state in which a fixed surface is pressed against the rotating intermediate transfer member. The collecting member collects toner remaining on the intermediate transfer member after a toner image is secondarily transferred from the intermediate transfer member to a transfer material.

Described herein is a method of providing an overcoated printed substrate. The method may comprise: providing a printed substrate comprising a primer layer disposed on a print substrate and a liquid electrostatically printed layer disposed on the primer layer; and applying a UV curable overcoat composition to the printed layer of the printed substrate, wherein the UV curable overcoat composition comprises a UV curable resin and inorganic nanoparticles dispersed therein.

Provided in one example herein is a liquid electrophotographic ink composition. The composition comprises a charge director; a non-polar carrier fluid comprising a polymer; and ink particles each comprising a polymeric resin mixture comprising a first polymeric resin having a first melting temperature and a second polymeric resin having a second melting temperature. The second polymeric resin may be a UV-curable polymer that is solid at room temperature, and the second melting temperature is lower than the first melting temperature.