According to an example, a resin, a carrier liquid, and a pearlescent pigment may be mixed to form a liquid electrophotographic ink.

According to an example, a resin, a charge director, and a pigment may be ground to form a liquid electrophotographic ink.

Provided is a liquid developer that gives a high image density, has a high resistance, suppresses the appearance of image blurring, can be reused, is readily cured by ultraviolet radiation, and can accommodate higher process speeds. This liquid developer contains a carrier liquid, a toner particle insoluble in the carrier liquid, and a compound with the following formula (1) ##STR00001##
[In formula (1), R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent an alkyl group having at least 13 and not more than 23 carbons.].

There is provided an electrostatic ink composition comprising chargeable particles comprising white pigment particles having a basic species on their surface; and a charge director; wherein the white pigment particles are present in an amount of at least 75 wt % based on the total weight of the non-volatile solids in the electrostatic ink composition. A method of manufacturing an electrostatic ink composition and a printed medium are also described.

A liquid developer comprising a toner particle containing a binder resin and a carbon black, a toner particle dispersing agent, and a carrier liquid, wherein amounts of group 15 elements, group 16 elements, and group 17 elements on a surface of the carbon black are respectively 0.1 atomic percent or less with respect to a total amount of elements on the carbon black surface.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin binder and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant, wherein the resin binder contains a polyester resin P having a glass transition temperature of 35 C. or higher, obtained by polycondensing raw material monomers containing an alcohol component comprising an aliphatic diol having 2 or more carbon atoms and 6 or less carbon atoms in an amount of 70% by mol or more and 100% by mol or less, and a carboxylic acid component, and wherein the dispersant contains a copolymer C prepared by polymerizing a monomer A having an amino group and a monomer B represented by the formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having 1 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, each of which may have a substituent, wherein a molar ratio of the monomer A to the monomer B (monomer A/monomer B) is 2/98 or more and 50/50 or less; and a method for producing the same. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Described herein is a method for priming a print substrate for subsequently receiving a liquid electrophotographic (LEP) inkin which a surface of a print substrate is coated with a first primer using an analogue printing technique and a second primer is digitally printed to the surface of the print substrate coated with the first primer.

Herein is disclosed a liquid electrostatic ink composition. The composition may comprise a liquid carrier having dispersed therein: chargeable particles comprising a thermoplastic resin having acidic side groups; and globular particles comprising a hydrocarbon having a drop point, measured according to ASTM D3954-15, of at least 120 C., the globular particles having a D50 of from 2 m to 7 m and a D90 of 10 m or less, the D50 and D90 being measured in the liquid carrier using laser diffraction and volume distribution, in accordance with ISO13220.

A liquid toner for printing conductive traces is provided. The liquid toner includes a carrier liquid and toner particles dispersed in the carrier liquid. The toner particles include a low symmetry electrically conducting material dispersed in a pigment.

A liquid developer includes toner particles and a carrier liquid, wherein the toner particles include, as a binder resin, an amorphous polyester resin and a crystalline saturated aliphatic polyester resin having a composition ratio (C/O ratio) of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms of 3.4 or less, and with respect to a toner obtained by vacuum drying the toner particles, a crystal melting peak at a first temperature rise in differential heating calorimetry is 60 C. or more.