A system timer bus used by the processor elements in an ARM-based system on a chip (SoC) is driven using a Precision Time Measurement (PTM) value. This allows the processor elements to be synchronized to the PCIe ports that use PTM. When two SoCs are connected using PCIe links, this example allows the processor elements in both SoCs to be synchronized. As the processor elements are synchronized, associated tasks on the two SoCs are synchronized, so that overall operations are synchronized.

A control system, a switch, and a method for controlling an execution device. The control system comprises a processor, a control module, and address resolution modules. The processor is connected to the control module by means of a peripheral component interconnection high-speed PCIe bus, the control module is connected to one or more address resolution modules by means of address buses, and each address resolution module is configured to be connected to one execution device, wherein address information of a port to be controlled on each execution device is preconfigured on the processor, and the address information is used for enabling the processor to address to a corresponding address resolution module by means of the control module. According to the control system, the number of occupied pins of the control module can be reduced, a specially developed driving program is not needed, the control logic is simple, and the operation is stable.

Various data bus monitoring, analysis, and logging systems, devices, and methods are described herein. In one example, an apparatus includes a first circuit configured to monitor first packets among traffic carried by one or more first directional lanes of a communication link established between a host and one or more endpoint devices and determine header information for the first packets. The apparatus includes a second circuit configured to detect second packets among traffic carried by one or more second directional lanes of the communication link based at least in part on the header information determined for the first packets. The apparatus includes an analysis element configured to establish transaction metadata comprising properties of transactions on the communication link based at least on correlations among the first packets and the second packets.

Technology is disclosed for allocating PCIe bus bandwidth to storage commands in a peer-to-peer environment. A non-volatile storage system has a peer-to-peer connection with a host system and a target device, such as a GPU. A memory controller in the storage system monitors latency of PCIe transactions that are performed over a PCIe bus in order to transfer data for NVMe commands. The PCIe transactions may involve direct memory access (DMA) of memory in the host system or target device. There could be a significant difference in transaction latency depending on what memory is being accessed and/or what communication link is used to access the memory. The memory controller allocates bandwidth on a PCIe bus to the NVMe commands based on the latencies of the PCIe transactions. In an aspect, the memory controller groups the PCIe addresses based on the latencies of the PCIe transactions.

An isolating repeater and corresponding method for Universal Serial Bus (USB) communications. The isolating repeater includes, on either side of a galvanic isolation barrier, front end circuitry coupled to a pair of external terminals, a full speed (FS) transceiver adapted to drive and receive signals over one or more FS isolation channels, and a high speed (HS) transceiver adapted to drive signals over a one HS isolation channel and receive signals over another HS isolation channel. The front end circuitry encodes received signals corresponding to HS data into two-state signals for transmission over one HS isolation channel, and encodes received signals corresponding to HS signaling into two-state signals for transmission over one or more of the FS isolation channels. The front end circuitry on the other side of the isolation barrier decodes the two-state signals received over the one or more FS isolation channels and the two-state signals received over the HS isolation channel for transmission at its external terminals.

A non-volatile storage system that is implementing a storage region (e.g., a persistent memory region) which is accessible to a host (e.g., via a PCIe connection) and a cache for the storage region shares details of the structure of the storage region and/or the cache (e.g., cache segment size). With awareness of the shared details of the structure of the storage region and/or the cache, the host arranges and sends out requests to read data from the persistent memory region in a manner that takes advantage of parallelism within the non-volatile storage system. For example, the host may initially send out one read request per cache segment to cause the non-volatile storage system to load the cache. Subsequently, additional read requests are made to the non-volatile storage system, with the data already loaded (or starting to load) in the cache, thereby increasing performance.

According to one embodiment, a device control apparatus includes a communication interface connectable to several client terminals via a network and a local device interface connectable to several peripheral devices. The device control apparatus functions as registration unit configured to receive an occupation request for a peripheral device from a client terminal and then register the peripheral device for which the occupation request has been received as occupied by the client terminal if the peripheral device is not registered as occupied by another client terminal. A setting unit sets a release time for releasing the occupation of the registered peripheral device, and an update unit updates the release time whenever communication occurs between the registered peripheral device and the client terminal. A release unit releases the registered occupation of the peripheral device once the release time elapses.

A peripheral proxy subsystem is placed between multiple hosts, each having a root controller, and single root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV) peripheral devices that are to be shared. The peripheral proxy subsystem provides a root controller for coupling to the endpoint of the SR-IOV peripheral device or devices and multiple endpoints for coupling to the root controllers of the hosts. The peripheral proxy subsystem maps the virtual functions of an SR-IOV peripheral device to the multiple endpoints as desired to allow the virtual functions to be allocated to the hosts. The physical function of the SR-IOV peripheral device is managed by the peripheral proxy device to provide the desired number of virtual functions. The virtual functions of the SR-IOV peripheral device are then presented to the appropriate host as a physical function or a virtual function.

A port is to couple to another die over a die-to-die (D2D) link and includes physical layer (PHY) circuitry including a first number of sideband lanes to carry data for use in training and management of the D2D link, and a second number of mainband lanes to implement a main data path of the D2D link. The mainband lanes include a forwarded clock lane, a valid lane, and a plurality of data lanes. A logical PHY coordinates functions of the sideband lanes and the mainband lanes.

A die-to-die (D2D) adapter couples to a protocol layer block using a first interface to couple to a protocol layer block and couples to a physical layer (PHY) block using a second interface. The D2D adapter is to determine parameters of a D2D link to couple a first die to a second die and select, based on the parameters, a particular one of a plurality of different data formats for use on the D2D link. Protocol layer data is received at the D2D adapter over the first interface from the protocol layer block. The D2D adapter passes the protocol layer data over the second interface to the PHY block based on the particular data format.