A computer-implemented method for efficiently estimating the number of unique elements in a collection of elements comprises generating, via hash logic, hash values for each element of the collection of elements. The method further comprises specifying, in a sketch-frequency table, a set of discrete statistical values associated with the hash values and, for each discrete statistical value of the set of discrete statistical values, information indicative of a frequency at which binary representations of the hash values are associated with the discrete statistical value. The cardinality of the collection of elements is estimated based on the sketch-frequency table.

Methods and apparatus for determining a unique audience exposed to media while reducing memory resources of a computing device are disclosed herein. Example instructions cause a machine to at least, based on impression requests from a plurality of client devices via a network, log a plurality of impressions corresponding to media accessed at the client devices; obtain a count of demographic impressions logged by a database proprietor; obtain a count of registered users of the database proprietor exposed to the media; and execute a process to determine a unique audience size by multiplying a count of the plurality of impressions by a square of the count of the registered users to generate a product; dividing the product by the count of the demographic impressions to generate a quotient; and determining the unique audience size based on a square root of the quotient.

Methods and apparatus related to determining and/or utilizing one or more attributes for an Internet Protocol (IP) address. In some of those implementations, the attributes may include a physical address associated with the IP address. Some implementations are directed to determining physical addresses for inclusion in a postal campaign based on computing devices having IP addresses associated with those physical addresses having retrieved content of one or more electronic resources (e.g., webpages) assigned to the campaign.

One or more computing devices, systems, and/or methods are provided. A user profile database may be analyzed to identify a first plurality of user profiles and/or a second plurality of user profiles. A user profile of the first plurality of user profiles may be indicative of activity associated with a content item of the one or more first content items when the one or more first content items are trending. A user profile of the second plurality of user profiles may be indicative of activity associated with a content item of the one or more first content items when the one or more first content items are not trending. A first conversion score associated with a first entity may be determined based upon the first plurality of user profiles. A second conversion score associated with the first entity may be determined based upon the second plurality of user profiles.

A targeted advertising campaign may be developed by a server that received an identifier for a source resource associated with a social media platform for a digital advertising campaign. Source resources may be URLs and/or URI that provide a location of information stored on the Internet. Often times, the source resource is associated with a social medial platform. The source resource may be accessed and one or more units of interest (UOIs) may be collected therefrom. A UOI and an associated source resource may be associated together as a target audience. A set of target audiences may be generated and provided to a user, who may select one or more of the target audiences for the advertising campaign. The advertising campaign may be run and metrics regarding performance of the advertising campaign may be gathered. These metrics may be used to iteratively improve the advertising campaign.

Techniques for optimizing network-transferred multi-card content items are provided. In one technique, a first content item selection event is initiated that involves a set of content delivery campaigns that includes a content delivery campaign that includes a content item that comprises multiple cards. The content delivery campaign is selected and the content item is transmitted to a first computing device, where the multiple cards have a first card configuration. One or more events that are associated with the first computing device displaying at least one card of the plurality of cards is identified. Based on the events, a second card configuration is determined. Another content item selection event that involves the content delivery campaign is initiated and the content delivery campaign is selected. The content item is transmitted to a second computing device, where the multiple cards have the second card configuration.

A system for targeted email marketing includes one or more processors, and a memory storing instructions. When executed by the one or more processors, the instructions cause the system to perform operations including: generating email templates respectively corresponding to different customer marketing communications; sending first emails to first customers, in which each of the first emails includes one of the email templates in accordance with an initial allocation; compiling response information from the first customers and updating a bandit model in accordance with the response information, the bandit model for determining an allocation of the email templates to customers; determining, by the bandit model, a revised allocation of the email templates to second emails; and sending the second emails to second customers in accordance with the revised allocation.

Disclosed are various implementations directed to optimizing a number pool for dynamic number insertion (DNI) used for call attribution by considering physical characteristics of the DNI number assigned to a specific channel versus characteristics of consumers within that channel to make more optimized DNI number assignments.

A digital marketing automation system includes a server including a processor. The processor is configured to, in a data collection phase, after an initializing command from a user receive business information of the user from websites, receive customer information from point of sales systems, and generate a customer database of selectable customers. The processor is configured to, in a connection phase, receive input designating services utilized by the user for customer interactions, connect data input from the point of sales systems and services for customer interactions as customer engagement data and store the customer engagement data in a customer database, and receive continuous customer engagement data. The processor is configured to, in a building phase, receive input specifying at least one available product or service of the business, generate customized offers, and generate a promotional schedule for promotional material including the customized offers to be sent to the selectable customers.

A method includes creating an advertisement in a gift provisioning system, providing a link to the advertisement in the gift provisioning system, and allocating an initial gift value amount to be associated with the advertisement. The advertiser sends a link to the advertisement to a plurality of advertisement recipients, and provides a prompt list of receiving organizations to which advertisement recipients can direct gift values. An apparatus is also disclosed which carries out the method.