Example implementations relate to memory array drivers. For example, a memory array includes a memory cell. The memory array also includes a bit line coupled to the memory cell and a word line coupled to the memory cell. The memory array further includes a first memory array driver having a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal is coupled to the bit line. The second terminal is coupled to the word line. The memory array further includes a second memory array driver having a third terminal and a fourth terminal. The third terminal is coupled to the bit line. The fourth terminal is coupled to the word line.

A non-volatile memory (NVM) device includes a logic memory circuit, a NVM element, a writing circuit and a reading circuit. The input terminal of the writing circuit and the output terminal of the reading circuit are coupled to the output terminal of the logic memory circuit. The first output terminal of the writing circuit and the first input terminal of the reading circuit are coupled to the first terminal of the NVM element. The second output terminal of the writing circuit and the second input terminal of the reading circuit are coupled to the second terminal of the NVM element. During a writing period, the writing circuit writes the stored data of the logic memory circuit into the NVM element. During a reading period, the reading circuit restores the data of the NVM element to the output terminal of the logic memory circuit.

An array device and a writing method thereof are provided. A synapse array device includes: a crossbar array, in which a resistive memory element is connected to each intersection of a plurality of row lines and a plurality of column lines; a row select/drive circuit selecting a row line of the crossbar array and applying a pulse signal to the selected row line; a column select/drive circuit selecting a column line of the crossbar array and applying a pulse signal to the selected column line; and a writing part writing to the resistive memory element connected to the selected row line and the selected column line. A first write voltage with controlled pulse width is applied to the selected row line, and a second write voltage with controlled pulse width is applied to the selected column line to perform set writing of the resistive memory element.

One example includes a resistive random access memory (RRAM) system. The system includes a resistive memory element to store a binary state based on a resistance of the resistive memory element. The system also includes an RRAM write circuit to generate a current through the resistive memory element to provide a write voltage across the resistive memory element to set the resistance of the resistive memory element. The system further includes a write shutoff circuit to monitor a change in the write voltage as a function of time to deactivate the RRAM write circuit in response to a change in the binary state of the resistive memory element.

The present invention provides a memory apparatus capable of causing a gradual resistance change for information processing in an analog manner to a synaptic element for implementing a neuromorphic system. To this end, the present invention provides a memory apparatus including: a memory array including a plurality of memory cells capable of selectively storing logic states and a plurality of bit lines and word lines connected to the plurality of memory cells; a controller for controlling a writing step and a reading step; a writing unit; and a reading unit, wherein the controller selects, in the writing step, one or more memory cells from among the plurality of memory cells through the writing unit, sequentially applies a writing voltage thereto to allow the logic states to be written therein, and applies, in the reading step, a reading voltage to the one or more memory cells, which are selected to have the logic states written therein, through the reading unit so as to determine synaptic weights through a sum of currents flowing through the one or more memory cells so that the selected one or more memory cells are allowed to be recognized to operate as one synaptic element.

The present invention also provides a method for determining a synaptic weight in a memory apparatus including a memory array including a plurality of memory cells capable of selectively storing logic states, bit lines and word lines connected to the plurality of memory cells, the method including: (a) selecting one or more memory cells from among the plurality of memory cells, and sequentially applying a writing voltage to write logic states therein; (b) applying a reading voltage to the one or more memory cells that has been selected to have the logic states written therein; and (c) determining, by the applied reading voltage, a synaptic weight through a sum of currents flowing through the one or more memory cells that has been selected to have the logic states written therein, wherein the selected one or more memory cells are recognized to operate as one synaptic element.

A memory device can include a plurality of bit lines; plurality of memory elements coupled to the bit lines, each memory element including a memory layer formed between two electrodes, the memory layer being programmable between a plurality of different resistance states by creation and removal of conductive regions therein by application of electric fields; and at least one sense amplifier (SA) configured to compare a first value, corresponding to a resistance state of a first memory element, to a second value, corresponding to a resistance state of a second memory element.

Memory programming methods and memory systems are described. One example memory programming method includes first applying a first signal to a memory cell to attempt to program the memory cell to a desired state, wherein the first signal corresponds to the desired state, after the first applying, determining that the memory cell failed to place in the desired state, after the determining, second applying a second signal to the memory cell, wherein the second signal corresponds to another state which is different than the desired state, and after the second applying, third applying a third signal to the memory cell to program the memory cell to the desired state, wherein the third signal corresponds to the desired state. Additional method and apparatus are described.

According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a memory cell, and a control circuit. The memory cell is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and includes a metal film and a resistance change film. The control circuit applies a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode to transition a resistive state of the memory cell. The control circuit performs a first reset operation by applying a first pulse having a voltage of a first polarity to the memory cell, and applying a second pulse having a voltage of a second polarity that is an inverse of the first polarity to the memory cell after applying the first pulse.

A memory cell including a memory element comprising an electrolytic insulator in contact with a conductive metal oxide (CMO) is disclosed. The CMO includes a crystalline structure and can comprise a pyrochlore oxide, a conductive binary oxide, a multiple B-site perovskite, and a Ruddlesden-Popper structure. The CMO includes mobile ions that can be transported to/from the electrolytic insulator in response to an electric field of appropriate magnitude and direction generated by a write voltage applied across the electrolytic insulator and CMO. The memory cell can include a non-ohmic device (NOD) that is electrically in series with the memory element. The memory cell can be positioned between a cross-point of conductive array lines in a two-terminal cross-point memory array in a single layer of memory or multiple vertically stacked layers of memory that are fabricated over a substrate that includes active circuitry for data operations on the array layer(s).

An integrated circuit is provided. In an example, the integrated circuit includes a first address line, a selector device electrically coupled to the first address lines, and a memory device electrically coupled between the selector device and a second address line. The selector device has a first I-V response in a first current direction and a second I-V response in a second current direction that is different from the first I-V response.