A method for diagnosing COVID-19 infection of a person. The method includes acquiring a sputum sample of the person, measuring a level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the sputum sample, and detecting a COVID-19 infection status of the person based on the measured level of ROS. Measuring the level of ROS in the sputum sample includes recording a cyclic voltammetry (CV) pattern from the sputum sample and measuring a current peak of the recorded CV pattern. Detecting the COVID-19 infection status of the person based on the measured level of ROS includes detecting the person is infected with COVID-19 if the measured current peak is in a first range of current peaks and detecting the person is not infected with COVID-19 if the measured current peak is in a second range of current peaks.

A system for remote transdermal alcohol monitoring includes and/or interfaces with a transdermal alcohol sensing device. Additionally or alternatively, the system can include and/or interface with any or all of: a user device; a supplementary alcohol sensing device; a set of supplementary sensors; a computing subsystem; a user interface; and/or any other components. A method for remote transdermal alcohol monitoring includes: receiving a set of inputs; determining a set of outputs; and triggering an action based on the set of outputs.

A nonenzymatic biosensor based on a metal-modified porous boron-doped diamond electrode, and a method for preparing the same and use thereof are provided. A working electrode of the nonenzymatic biosensor is a metal-modified porous boron-doped diamond electrode including a silicon wafer substrate and an electrode working layer arranged on a surface thereof, the electrode working layer is a porous boron-doped diamond layer modified with metal nanoparticles, and a pore surface of the porous boron-doped diamond layer contains an sp.sup.2 phase. In the present invention, by combining chemical vapor deposition and magnetron sputtering and by means of a tubular atmosphere annealing furnace and an electrochemical workstation, the preparation of a multi-metal-modified porous boron-doped diamond composite electrode is realized. The electrode has the characteristics of high sensitivity, stability, and resolution, and can be widely used in the fields of the construction of electrochemical biosensors, the detection of heavy metals, etc.

In a general aspect, chemical compounds (e.g., drugs, agrochemicals, and explosives) are detected. In some examples, a chemical detection system includes a container, an ionization system, a mass spectrometer, one or more computer systems, a sampling probe, and a control system. The sampling probe is configured to receive a liquid solvent from the container; to hold a fixed volume of the liquid solvent in direct contact with a sample surface for a period of time to form an analyte in the sampling probe; and to deliver the analyte to the ionization system. The ionization system is configured to ionize the analyte. The mass spectrometer is configured to produce mass spectrometry data by processing the ionized analyte provided by the ionization system. The one or more computer systems are configured to analyze the mass spectrometry data to detect a chemical compound present on the sample surface.

Assays and methods for verifying the validity of a urine sample submitted for Drugs of Abuse (DOA) testing. Embodiments include a SUD Diagnostic Panel that includes six assays: specific gravity index assay, long-duration counterfeit urine assay, short-duration counterfeit urine assay, oxidant history assay, pH assay, and creatinine assay. The SUD Diagnostic Panel detects twelve principle classes of adulteration. Detection of adulteration of one or more urine samples from a patient indicates an attempt to subvert test results and provides an objective indication in one instance and an object diagnosis in another instance of SUD.

The present invention relates to a device and a method for analysing a sample comprising from 0.1 pg to 1 μg of analyte, and more specifically to a lateral flow device and a method for testing the presence of very low amounts of drugs or drug meta bolites in a sample. The present invention also relates to a method of dissolving a bodily fluid.

A detection device for cannabinoid use including a base unit and a display screen disposed on the base unit. A central processing unit and a tetrahydrocannabinol testing device are disposed within the base unit. A testing slot is disposed on a bottom portion of the base unit, with a back end of the testing slot disposed within the tetrahydrocannabinol testing device. Each of a plurality of testing strips is slidably and removably disposed within the testing slot. A printer has a pair of T-shaped attachment extensions. Each of the pair of attachment extensions and a universal serial bus plug disposed on the printer simultaneously removably and slidably engages each of a pair of attachment slots and a universal serial bus port disposed on the base unit, respectively. The tetrahydrocannabinol testing device is configured to analyze and calculate the presence and amount of tetrahydrocannabinol in a person's bloodstream.

The present teachings are generally directed to sensors that employ antibody-functionalized graphene nano-flakes (and/or a graphdiyne layer) for detecting a variety of analytes in a variety of samples. A plurality of graphene nano-flakes (and/or a graphdiyne layer) can be deposited on a underlying substrate, e.g., in the form of a single layer or multiple stacked layers, and functionalized with an antibody that specifically binds with an analyte of interest. A sample under investigation can be introduced onto the antibody-functionalized graphene nano-flakes (and/or a graphdiyne layer). The interaction of the analyte of interest, if present in the sample, with the antibody-functionalized graphene nano-flakes (and/or a graphdiyne layer) can mediate a change in at least one electrical property of the graphene nano-flakes, e.g., their DC electrical resistance. An analyzer can detect such a change and analyze it to determine whether the analyte is present in the sample. In some embodiments, calibration methods can be employed to quantify the analyte present in the sample.

Provided herein is a device for measuring heavy metals having an electrode element and, most particularly, a device for measuring heavy metals having an electrode element including a device for measuring heavy metals having an electrode element including a substrate having a wireless communication electrode for wirelessly delivering an electrical variance that is measured from an electrode, when measuring heavy metals, an electrode element delivering an electrical signal for measuring heavy metals, and a controller controlling electric current application to the electrode element and detecting a quantity of electricity between electrodes being measured from a measurement object contaminated by heavy metal, or calculating a displacement between a reference quantity of electricity and a measured quantity of electricity.

The embodiments disclose a method including functionalizing a biosensor with a biologic analytical target prior to installation into a detection cartridge, depositing a test subject bodily fluid test sample onto the biosensor surface, inserting the detection cartridge into a portable detection cartridge reader, measuring the electrical impedance of the bodily fluid test sample across biosensor energized electrodes, providing algorithms for analyzing measured electrical impedance data of the bodily fluid test sample obtained in the detection cartridge, identifying and determining the presence of biologic analytical target molecules in the bodily fluid test sample, and transmitting results of the test results to the test subject.