The embodiments disclose a process for manufacturing a sensor including depositing a first conductive layer on a substrate followed by curing the first conductive layer and, depositing a temperature controlling conductive ink on top of a portion of the first conductive layer followed by curing the temperature controlling conductive ink and, depositing an insulating layer on top of the temperature controlling conductive ink layer and a portion of the first conductive layer followed by curing the insulating layer and, depositing a second conductive layer on top of a portion of first conductive layer followed by curing the second conductive layer and, depositing an adhesive layer on top of a portion of the first conductive layer for adhering a memory chip to the first conductive layer followed by curing the adhesive layer and, depositing at least one biomolecule layer on top of the second conductive layer followed by drying the at least one biomolecule layer.

A method of analysing a skin-print comprising the steps of providing a porous substrate, the porous substrate extending in a substrate plane and being substantially planar and having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end tapers to a point. The method further comprises: applying to the porous substrate a skin-print to be analysed; applying a fluid to the porous substrate; applying a voltage between the first end of the porous substrate and ground to generate an electric field, by which droplets of the fluid are ionised and emitted from the point in the form of a Taylor cone; and analysing the ionised droplets using a mass spectrometer.

Method and system for detecting and/or quantifying .sup.9-tetrahydrocannibinol (THC) in a saliva sample. In one embodiment, the method involves providing an electrochemical sensing element, the electrochemical sensing element including a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a reference electrode, all of which are screen-printed. A saliva sample is then deposited directly on the working electrode. Next, the deposited saliva sample is treated with a fluid that includes one or more alcohols and water in an alcohol/water ratio of 50/50 to 100/0 (v/v), the fluid optionally also including a surfactant. Next, the treated saliva sample is dried, whereby any THC present in the treated saliva sample is immobilized on the working electrode. Next, an electrolytic solution is delivered to the electrochemical sensing element, and the THC immobilized on the working electrode is directly electrochemically detected and/or quantified using a pulse voltammetry technique, such as square-wave voltammetry.

A blood alcohol level sensing system for a vehicle is steering wheel with infrared sensors that are able to detect variations in body chemistry from contact with the palms of the hands to determine if a driver is either alcohol impaired or impaired from certain medical conditions that might affect driving. The system has a digital readout that may be located on the dashboard of the vehicle, and the readout may also be transmitted to a cell phone. In the event of an exceedance of a predetermined set point, an interlock will interrupt the start circuit of the vehicle to prevent it from starting.

A method for diagnosing COVID-19 infection of a person. The method includes acquiring a sputum sample of a person, measuring a level of ROS in the sputum sample, and detecting a COVID-19 infection status of the person based on the measured level of ROS. Measuring the level of ROS in the sputum sample includes recording a cyclic voltammetry (CV) pattern from the sputum sample and measuring a current peak of the recorded CV pattern. Detecting the COVID-19 infection status of the person includes detecting COVID-19 infection of the person responsive to the measured current peak being in a first range of more than 230 A and detecting COVID-19 non-infection of the person responsive to the measured current peak being in a second range of less than 190 A.

The invention generally relates to a sample dispenser including an internal standard and methods of use thereof.

The invention generally relates to a sample dispenser including an internal standard and methods of use thereof.

A method for determining a narcotic in a mixture comprising at least one interferant. The method comprises: (a) determining a voltage at which, in absence of the interferant, a voltammetric signal of the narcotic can be detected; (b) contacting an electrode with the mixture comprising the at least one interferant and potentially comprising the narcotic; (c) applying a pretreatment potential to the electrode for a duration of at least 5 seconds, the pretreatment potential measuring between 0.4 V and 2 V versus Ag/AgCl; (d) measuring a voltammetric response of the mixture, the measurement comprising at least the determined voltage; and (e) determining whether the narcotic is present in the mixture by analyzing whether the voltammetric signal of the narcotic, resolved from a voltammetric signal of the interferant, can be detected in the measured voltammetric response.

A method for diagnosing COVID-19 infection of a person. The method includes acquiring a sputum sample of a person, measuring a level of ROS in the sputum sample, and detecting a COVID-19 infection status of the person based on the measured level of ROS. Measuring the level of ROS in the sputum sample includes recording a cyclic voltammetry (CV) pattern from the sputum sample and measuring a current peak of the recorded CV pattern. Detecting the COVID-19 infection status of the person includes detecting COVID-19 infection of the person responsive to the measured current peak being in a first range of more than 230 A and detecting COVID-19 non-infection of the person responsive to the measured current peak being in a second range of less than 190 A.

A method for determining a narcotic in a mixture comprising at least one interferant. The method comprises: (a) determining a voltage at which, in absence of the interferant, a voltammetric signal of the narcotic can be detected; (b) contacting an electrode with the mixture comprising the at least one interferant and potentially comprising the narcotic; (c) applying a pretreatment potential to the electrode for a duration of at least 5 seconds, the pretreatment potential measuring between 0.4 V and 2 V versus Ag/AgCl; (d) measuring a voltammetric response of the mixture, the measurement comprising at least the determined voltage; and (e) determining whether the narcotic is present in the mixture by analyzing whether the voltammetric signal of the narcotic, resolved from a voltammetric signal of the interferant, can be detected in the measured voltammetric response.