The present invention relates to a water-soluble, simple, stable tris(N-(tert-butyl)acetamide) cyclen-based europium complex HGEu001 which exhibits the specific subcellular localization in the primary cilium with a quantum yield as high as 10% in water and a lifetime of 0.56 ms lifetime. In particular, the present invention provides simplicity of the design and synthesis of a complex. Comprehensive studies were performed in numerous cell lines, such as HeLa, SN-K-SH and MRC5; the motif structure, HGEu002, has also been synthesized as the negative control for in vitro imaging studies. The two photon in vitro imaging were done in three dimensions to emphasize on the specific localization in primary cilium of HGEu001. This is one of the very limited examples for direct primary cilium imaging.

A method for characterizing extracellular vesicles at an individual level is described. It comprises obtaining a sample comprising extracellular vesicles to be characterized and functionalizing the extracellular vesicles with plasmonic nanoparticles or a plasmonic coating. The method further comprises irradiating the individual extracellular vesicles with a laser beam and detecting a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy signal from said individual extracellular vesicle.

A method of manipulating and/or investigating cellular bodies (9) is provided. The method comprises the steps of: providing a sample holder (3) comprising a holding space (5) for holding a fluid medium (11); providing a sample (7) comprising one or more cellular bodies (9) in a fluid medium (11) in the holding space (5); generating an acoustic wave in the holding space exerting a force (F) on the sample (7) in the holding space (5). The method further comprises providing the holding space (5) with a functionalised wall surface portion (17) to be contacted by the sample (7) and the sample (7) is in contact with the functionalised wall surface portion (17) during at least part of the step of application of the acoustic wave. A system and a sample holder (3) are also provided.

The present disclosure provides a method for diagnosis based on proteins present on the surface of circulating extracellular vesicles. The method comprises incubating a sample of the subject with a detection antibody linked to a detectable label, contacting the sample with a capture antibody immobilized on a substrate, and detecting the detectable label on the circulating EV immobilized on the substrate. Compared to the method currently known in the art, the method disclosed herein has the advantages of high sensitivity with low cost and rapid procedure, high specificity.

A system and method for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of protein misfolding diseases includes altering the binding or interaction(s) between any of the following (a) a peptide of interest in protein-misfolding disease, such as PrP-C or PrP-Sc, and (b) a mineral (c) copper, and/or d) a lipid particle, wherein the mineral may be montmorillonite or another mineral, and the lipid particle may be a vesicle or micelle, or may form or promote the formation of non-lamellar curved-lipid shapes.

The present invention relates to the use of a fibrinogen capture agent or a fibrinogen detection agent in an assay to detect a Ciz1 b-variant.

The present disclosure relates to a biomarker for diagnosis of drug addiction and a kit for diagnosis of drug addiction. The biomarker for diagnosis of drug addiction and the kit for diagnosis of drug addiction according to the present disclosure can determine drug addiction by using a molecular biological method. Especially, the present disclosure has investigated molecular biologically how microRNA functions in the human brain due to drug addiction and how the microRNA is transferred to blood or serum by using an exosome as a means of transport. Therefore, the problem that, even though the change in the expression pattern of the microRNA in the brain is validated, it is difficult to apply the change in the expression pattern in the brain for clinical purposes directly and simply, was solved.

A process for carrying out an allergy test is based on a blood sample being taken. The blood sample is contacted in vitro with at least one allergen. At least one allergic reaction or the absence of the at least one allergic reaction is observed via a microscope (11) directly and/or optically. To make it possible to carry out an allergy test with a higher validity and/or better accuracy, a position of granules is observed via the microscope (11). The granules are observed in different planes or horizontal planes.

This present disclosure relates to the use of one or more biomarkers to monitor the conditional state of an organ or tissue, including transplanted tissue, or disease state, including diabetes, in a biological sample of a subject. Accordingly, this disclosure provides for: methods and kits for determining the presence of one or more biomarkers for organ or tissue rejection/injury or diabetes in a biological sample of a subject; methods for using the presence of such biomarkers to predict or diagnose organ or tissue rejection/injury or diabetes in a subject; and methods to select or modify a therapeutic regimen for a subject based on the use of such biomarkers.

The present disclosure relates, in part, to lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and compositions comprising the same, which have increased stability in amniotic fluid, and methods of use thereof for in utero delivery of therapeutic agents, to treat and/or prevent diseases and/or disorders in a fetal subject. The present disclosure further relates to an ex vivo assay for screening LNP stability in a test fluid.