Provided are methods for identifying tumor-derived extracellular vesicles. The methods can include combining an antibody and a sample under conditions suitable for formation of antigen-antibody complexes with tumor-derived extracellular vesicles. The methods also include exposing the tumor-derived extracellular vesicles to a compound that binds beta-sheet structures, and determining if there is a change in binding of the compound to the extracellular vesicles compared to one or more controls.

The present disclosure relates to improved methods and compositions for making extracellular vesicles (EVs). The present disclosure also relates to novel EV-based ELISA assays and kits for performing such assays, as well as methods of producing antibodies to particular antigens using EVs comprising membrane-bound antigen.

A method for evaluating a condition of cells including: (A) measuring first exosomes having a first exosome membrane protein and second exosomes having a second exosome membrane protein in a culture supernatant of the cells; (B) calculating the ratio of the second exosomes to the first exosomes; and (C) determining the condition of the cells using the ratio as an index.

The invention relates to a method for determining the florescence of antibodies on exosomes using quality control of the measurement using two different control methods.

The invention provides seminal computational approaches utilizing data from non-rare cells to detect rare cells, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs). The invention is applicable at two distinct stages of CTC detection; the first being to make decisions about data collection parameters and the second being to make decisions during data reduction and analysis. Additionally, the invention utilizes both one and multi-dimensional parameterized data in a decision making process.

The present invention relates to a real-time fluorescence imaging sensor for measuring glutathione in cell organelles and a method for fabricating the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel compound for measuring glutathione in cell organelles, a method for preparing the novel compound, a real-time fluorescence imaging sensor for measuring glutathione in cell organelles, which comprises the novel compound, a method for fabricating the imaging sensor, and a method of measuring glutathione in cell organelles by use of the imaging sensor. When the composition comprising the compound according to the present invention is used, it can measure the antioxidant activity of the organelle mitochondria or Golgi apparatus in living cells, particularly stem cells, and can screen highly active stem cells based on the results obtained by measuring the antioxidant activity of the cell organelle.

The invention relates to a method of diagnosing breast cancer and to the use of biomarkers for the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer.

A composition has effects for promoting endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-phagy, a composition for maintaining ER homeostasis or reducing ER stress, and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and/or treating ER-stress-related diseases. The composition contains a p62 ligand compound as an active ingredient. The p62 ligand compound can modulate p62 to interact with a receptor associated with autophagic degradation of ER component, modulate oligomerization and/or aggregation of the receptor, modulate formation of autophagosomes, and the like. Thus, uses of p62 ligand compound in inducing ER-autophagy are provided.

Systems, methods, and devices are described herein for detecting and/or monitoring target extracellular vesicles (“EVs”), e.g., to detect and/or monitor cancer treatment, such as breast cancer, in a subject. The methods can include obtaining a nano-plasmonic array including nanostructures configured to amplify one or more specific wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, flowing a liquid sample over the nano-plasmonic array, optionally labeling target EVs captured on the nano-plasmonic array with one or more reporter groups, projecting electromagnetic radiation onto the labeled target EVs captured on the nano-plasmonic array, and capturing an image of the target EVs by receiving electromagnetic radiation emitted, scattered, or reflected by the labeled target EVs or by reporter groups on the labeled target EVs.

The present description relates to methods for clinically assessing Parkinson's disease in a subject using protein biomarkers of erythrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EEV).