The present disclosure relates to a bioparticle measuring method including forming on a solid phase a complex of a sample containing a bioparticle sampled from a specimen, a capturer containing a tag which binds to the solid phase and capable of binding to the bioparticle, and a detector capable of binding to the bioparticle and containing a labeled substance. A part or the whole of the complex may be dissociated from the solid phase to prepare a measurement sample containing a part or the whole of the complex not fixed on the solid phase, and signals from the measurement sample may be detected by a particle analyzer.

Disclosed herein are highly sensitive immunoassays that utilize a capture/release mechanism to reduce non-specific binding and achieve detection with attomolar-level sensitivity. Kits that can be used for carrying out these highly sensitive immunoassays are also disclosed herein.

Systems and methods for flow cells are provided. Flow cells may encompass a range of fluidic devices for various applications ranging from microfluidic systems to bulk phase flow systems. Flow cells may comprise one or more components for passive or active fluid transfer. Descriptions are provided for advantageous methods of fabricating flow cells for particular applications such as biological assays. Provided is a composition, comprising a first substrate comprising a first covalently-bound ligand; and a second substrate comprising a second covalently-bound ligand; wherein the first covalently-bound ligand and the second covalently-bound ligand are covalently bonded to form a heterocyclic compound. Also provided is a flow cell device, comprising: a first substrate comprising a microfabricated surface; and a second substrate comprising a non-patterned surface; wherein the first substrate is joined to the second substrate to form an enclosure; and wherein the microfabricated surface comprises at least one chamber, wherein the chamber comprises a microarray of active sites with specific functionalization separated by an optically resolvable distance and a functionalized surface comprising a passivating group or a blocking group; and wherein each active site of the microarray of active sites comprises a capture agent.

An exosome to be analyzed having a first bead and a second bead bound thereto is collected from a buffer fluid containing the exosome to be analyzed having the first bead and the second bead bound thereto. A first antibody that specifically binds to a first antigen associated with a first disease is fixed to a surface of the first bead. A second antibody that specifically binds to a second antigen associated with a second disease is fixed to a surface of the second bead. The first bead is separated from the exosome, and the exosome having the second bead bound thereto is collected. The exosome having the second bead bound thereto is dissolved, and the second bead and an inclusion of the exosome are collected. The inclusion of the exosome is analyzed, and the number of second beads is counted.

A compound includes a first linker having a first end connected to the carrier, a second linker having a first end connected to the carrier, a third linker having a first end connected to the carrier, a first fluorescent entity connected to a second end of the first linker, a second fluorescent entity different from the first fluorescent entity connected to a second end of the second linker, and a biomolecule connected to a second end of the third linker. The biomolecule is configured to connect to a biomarker. A method of detecting biomarkers is also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a bioparticle measuring method including detecting a signal from a first measurement sample and a signal from a second measurement sample, wherein the first measurement sample is prepared by mixing a first sample containing a bioparticle sampled from a specimen with a detector capable of binding to the bioparticle and containing a labeled substance, in the presence of an inhibitor capable of binding to the bioparticle and containing none of the labeled substance. The second measurement sample is prepared by mixing a second sample sampled from the same specimen independently from the first sample with the detector, under a condition that the inhibitor is substantially absent. A measurement result is then calculated from the detected signals from the first and second measurement samples.

Provided are a novel immuno-optomagnetic point-of-care (PoC) assay and in particular, a method for detecting an analyte using magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots (QD) having antibodies which are interfaced with the fabricated PoC biochip platform for quantitative analysis, and an immuno-optomagnetic detection method. The method also relates to methods of making such a plurality of conjugated magnetic quantum dot nanoparticles, methods of detecting analytes using such a plurality of conjugated quantum dot nanoparticles.

The present disclosure relates to methods and kits for analyzing a macromolecule including information transfer between molecules, such as transfer of identifying information between nucleic acid molecules. In some embodiments, the macromolecule for analysis comprises a peptide, a polypeptide, or a protein. In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to macromolecule analysis methods which employ barcoding and nucleic acid encoding of molecular recognition events, and/or detectable labels. Provided herein is a programmable system for information transfer comprising one or more adaptor molecules.

A modified peptide or a modified polypeptide has the amino acid sequence of Thr-Val-Asp-Ser-Cys-Leu-Thr (SEQ ID NO: 1) and adhesiveness to a norbornene-based polymer. A ratio of the total number of amino acids constituting the modified peptide or the modified polypeptide to the number of oligopeptides consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 contained in the modified peptide or the modified polypeptide is 7 or more and 80 or less. The number of oligopeptides consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is 1.

A nanoparticle measurement device includes a timing signal generation unit, a low-frequency component extraction unit, a low-frequency component calculation unit, a threshold correction unit, and a measurement unit. The timing signal generation unit generates timing signals. The low-frequency component extraction unit extracts low-frequency components according to the timing signals. The low-frequency component calculation unit calculates an interpolated low-frequency component in accordance with the low-frequency components. The threshold correction unit sets a corrected threshold in accordance with the interpolated low-frequency component. The measurement unit extracts and counts nanoparticle pulse signals from a light reception signal according to the timing signals and the corrected threshold.