This invention provides, and in certain specific but non-limiting aspects relates to: assays that can be used to predict whether a given ISV will be subject to protein interference and/or give rise to an (aspecific) signal in such an assay (such as in an ADA immunoassay; methods for modifying and/or improving ISV's to as to remove or reduce their tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal; modifications that can be introduced into an ISV that remove or reduce its tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal; ISV's that have been specifically selected (for example, using the assay(s) described herein) to have no or low(er)/reduced tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal; modified and/or improved ISV's that have no or a low(er)/reduced tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal.

Lanthanide chelate lipid nanoparticles, and methods of their synthesis and use are described. Biological molecules labeled with the lipid nanoparticles, useful in bioaffinity assays with improved sensitivities are also described.

A kit for detecting an antigen from which false positive signals are removed is provided. The kit includes a substrate; a capture antibody attachable onto the substrate and having a capture strand labeled with a fluorescent material; a detection antibody having a detection strand labeled with a fluorescent material and complementary to some or all of a base sequence of the capture strand; and a blocking strand having a base sequence capable of complementary binding to the capture strand or the detection strand to prevent the detection strand and the capture strand from complementary binding to each other.

The present application relates to detection units and methods for detecting one or more target analytes in a sample using a complex formed by a target and first and second probes, wherein the first probe is coupled to a detectable piece, the target is coupled to the first probe and the second probe, and the second probe is coupled to a solid support. Specific binding of the detectable piece to the target analyte can be distinguished from non-specific binding of the detectable piece by measuring the number of detectable pieces that leave their initial location after exposure to a disruptor that uncouples the detectable piece from the solid support.

An immunochromatography including steps of mixing an antigen-containable specimen and modified magnetic particles, which are magnetic particles modified with a monoclonal antibody X; collecting the magnetic particles from the mixture using magnetism; dissociating the modified magnetic particles to obtain an antigen-containing solution; neutralizing the antigen-containing solution to obtaina neutralized antigen-containing solution; spreading gold particle composite bodies on an insoluble carrier having a reaction site at which a monoclonal antibody Z has been immobilized, wherein the gold particle composite body is a composite body of the antigen and a modified gold particle which is a gold particle modified with a monoclonal antibody Y; capturing the gold particle composite bodies at the reaction site; and silver-amplifying the gold particle composite body, in which the antibody X and the antibody Y are different from each other, and the antibody X and the antibody Z are different from each other.

The immunological test method includes a concentration step of concentrating an antigen-containable solution by mixing the antigen-containable solution with a superabsorbent polymer to obtain an antigen-concentrated solution, and a detection step of detecting an antigen in the antigen-concentrated solution using an antigen-antibody reaction, in which a swelling ratio of the superabsorbent polymer is more than 0.2 g/g and less than 800 g/g, and an antibody that is used in the antigen-antibody reaction is a monoclonal antibody.

Provided are methods of reducing and/or preventing interference by a drug comprising (i) an antibody Fc region and (ii) a moiety that binds to human CD47 in serological assays.

This invention relates to a method of producing a probe-bound carrier, a probe-bound carrier and a method of detecting or separating a target substance. The method of producing a probe-bound carrier includes: step 1 of mixing a carrier having tosyl groups and a probe; and step 2 of reducing the amount of tosyl groups on a surface of a carrier, in which a proportion of area S2 that is occupied by one tosyl group on a surface of the carrier obtained in the step 2 with respect to area S1A that is occupied by one tosyl group on a surface of the carrier used in the step 1 (S2/S1A×100%) is not less than 140%.

The invention aims to suppress non-specific reaction effectively in an immunochromatographic assay method for an analyte. The object can be achieved by an immunochromatographic assay method for an analyte, the method including using a test strip including the following (1) to (3): (1) a sample pad containing a sample application region for applying a biological sample that may contain the analyte; (2) an insoluble membrane containing at least one detection region to which a binding partner immunologically reactive with the analyte is immobilized, wherein the binding partner is immobilized to a label; and (3) a conjugate containing a binding partner immunologically reactive with the analyte, wherein the binding partner is immobilized to a label.

Methods of mitigating lipoprotein interference in in vitro diagnostic assays for target hydrophobic analytes are disclosed, as well as compositions, kits, and devices useful in said methods. A pretreatment reagent is utilized that includes at least one enzyme that digests lipoprotein.