This invention relates to a surface coating for capture circulating rare cells, comprising a nonfouling composition to prevent the binding of non-specific cells and adsorption of serum components; a bioactive composition for binding the biological substance, such as circulating tumor cells; with or without a linker composition that binds the nonfouling and bioactive compositions. The invention also provide a surface coating for capture and purification of a biological substance, comprising a releasable composition to release the non-specific cells and other serum components; a bioactive composition for binding the biological substance, such as circulating tumor cells; with or without a linker composition that binds the releasable and bioactive compositions. The present invention also discloses a novel microfluidic chip, with specific patterned microstructures to create a flow disturbance and increase the capture rate of the biological substance.

The invention relates to an immunochromatographic device which contains a nitrous acid compound and an organic acid or an organic acid derivative and which is for detecting a detection target in an analyte wherein a sample droplet-receiving member, a labeling substance-holding member, a chromatography medium member and an absorption member are arranged in a manner that a sample develops in this order and wherein a part containing the nitrous acid compound and a part containing the organic acid or the like are at upstream positions from the labeling substance-containing part, and the part containing the nitrous acid compound and the part containing the organic acid or the like are not substantially in contact with each other in the thickness direction.

The present invention relates to cellulose based papers coated with nitrocellulose as well as to methods for producing such coated papers and methods for using them, especially in lateral flow applications.

Provided is a membrane carrier for a liquid sample test kit (3) that detects a substance to be detected in a liquid sample, the liquid sample test kit including at least one flow path (2) capable of transporting the liquid sample, in which a microstructure that causes a capillary action for transporting the liquid sample is provided on a bottom surface of the flow path (2), and a level difference at which a height level of the bottom surface changes, is provided in the flow path (2). The membrane carrier preferably has a detection zone for detecting a substance to be detected in the liquid sample.

Surface modified particles have a core, an inner shell and an outer shell. The core is formed of silica or is hollow, the inner shell is formed by a layer of metal, and the outer shell is formed by a biocompatible polymer brush. The particles allow for direct optical detection of biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides and glycoproteins in biological samples.

Provided are a reagent and a measurement method for enabling a specimen test based on polarization anisotropy to be performed with high sensitivity and within a short period of time. Specifically, provided is an analysis method including measuring a value (R) for polarization anisotropy through use of a luminescent reagent that binds with a target substance, the analysis method including: a reaction step including mixing a sample containing the target substance with the luminescent reagent and a sensitizer, and subjecting the mixture to a reaction to obtain a reaction liquid; and a measurement step of measuring the R of the reaction liquid, the luminescent reagent including a luminescent particle substrate and a hydrophilic layer arranged on an outside of the luminescent particle substrate, the sensitizer containing a hydrophilic polymer.

Provided are a polymer-coated substrate in which a polymer layer formed on the surface of a substrate is stable for a long period of time even in a liquid environment, and a medical analysis device including the polymer-coated substrate. Included is a polymer-coated substrate which includes a substrate, a silane compound layer formed on a surface of the substrate, and a polymer layer formed on the silane compound layer.

In biosciences and related fields, it can be useful to modify surfaces of apparatuses, devices, and materials that contact biomaterials such as biomolecules and biological micro-objects. Described herein are surface modifying and surface functionalizing reagents, preparation thereof, and methods for modifying surfaces to provide improved or altered performance with biomaterials.

A method of measuring a concentration of an analyte is provided, including: reacting a test solution including an analyte with a nanoparticle solution including a plurality of nanoparticles and an optical waveguide element to form a sandwich-like structure; and measuring evanescent wave energy of the optical waveguide element absorbed and/or scattered by the plurality of nanoparticles after the plurality of nanoparticles forming the sandwich-like structure by using a photodetector to obtain a first signal, and calculating the concentration of the analyte based on the first signal. Wherein, a detection recognition element is conjugated on a surface of each of the plurality of nanoparticles, and a capture recognition element is conjugated on a waveguide surface of the optical waveguide element.

The present invention provides methods for adsorbing a protein onto a conductive solid substrate, comprising the application of an external potential to the solid substrate greater than +500 mV vs. the Ag/AgCl/Cl.sup.−.sub.SAT reference electrode, in the presence of a solution comprising the protein, wherein the solution has a pH within ±2 units of the isoelectric point of the protein, and wherein the protein adsorbs to the conductive solid substrate upon application of the external potential. Some embodiments are directed to a process of protein adsorption on a solid surface mediated by an applied potential that can be affected significantly by altering a number of variables such as protein concentration, flexibility, charge, molecular weight, pH, and charge of substrate.