Compositions, methods, and systems for analyzing the protein corona are described herein, as well as its application in the discovery of advanced diagnostic tools as well as therapeutic targets.

According to one embodiment, a method of detecting or quantifying a detection target in a specimen includes: irradiating a reaction mixture containing composite particles and the specimen with light to promote binding between the composite particles and the detection target; and performing measurement on the reaction mixture irradiated with the light to detect or quantify the detection target. The composite particles each include a carrier particle including two or more regions having different physical properties on a surface, and an affinity substance carried on the carrier particle and having affinity to the detection target. The light can be absorbed by at least one of the two or more regions.

According to one embodiment, a method of detecting or quantifying a detection target in a specimen includes: irradiating a reaction mixture containing composite particles and the specimen with light to promote binding between the composite particles and the detection target; and performing measurement on the reaction mixture irradiated with the light to detect or quantify the detection target. The composite particles each include a carrier particle including two or more regions having different physical properties on a surface, and an affinity substance carried on the carrier particle and having affinity to the detection target. The light can be absorbed by at least one of the two or more regions.

An embodiment of this invention A NiO chip is provided. The NiO chip includes a substrate, a nickel oxide thin film on the substrate, and a bioprobe layer on the nickel oxide thin film. The nickel oxide thin film has a light transmittance of more than 60% and a nanostructure. The bioprobe layer includes a plurality of bioprobes modified by Histidine (His) or a His-tagged protein.

Disclosed is a sensor for the detection of a botulinum toxin using a carbon nanotube sheet, the sensor including carbon nanotubes and a botulinum toxin receptor formed on the carbon nanotubes.

Nanostructures having an inorganic core and a lipid layer capable of binding a lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activator such as an apolipoprotein are provided herein. Methods of using the nanostructures and related devices and compositions for assessing the risk of developing a disease or condition or treating the disease or condition are also provided.

An air quality measurement system to monitor atmospheric properties at various locations, elevations, and times. The system includes an unmanned aerial vehicle having at least one carbon nanotube sensor for monitoring atmospheric air quality. Measurements of temperature, pressure, moisture, and gas species are obtained. A monitor mounted on the aerial vehicle is in communication with the sensor. A transmitter mounted on the aerial vehicle is in communication with the monitor for transmission of measurement data to a ground position controller.

An air quality measurement system to monitor atmospheric properties at various locations, elevations, and times. The system includes an unmanned aerial vehicle having at least one carbon nanotube sensor for monitoring atmospheric air quality. Measurements of temperature, pressure, moisture, and gas species are obtained. A monitor mounted on the aerial vehicle is in communication with the sensor. A transmitter mounted on the aerial vehicle is in communication with the monitor for transmission of measurement data to a ground position controller.

A method, system, test strip, point-of-care device and computer-implemented method for detecting a level of inflammation in a subject is provided. The level of inflammation is detected by contacting a biological sample obtained from the subject with a serum amyloid A (SAA) capture agent. The capture agent is secured to a substrate and is configured to emit a signal upon binding to SAA. The signal is detected and a result indicating the level of inflammation in the subject is output.

A method, system, test strip, point-of-care device and computer-implemented method for detecting a level of inflammation in a subject is provided. The level of inflammation is detected by contacting a biological sample obtained from the subject with a serum amyloid A (SAA) capture agent. The capture agent is secured to a substrate and is configured to emit a signal upon binding to SAA. The signal is detected and a result indicating the level of inflammation in the subject is output.