Disclosed herein are devices, apparatus, systems, methods and kits for performing immunoassay tests on a sample. The A sensing apparatus is provided for detecting a plurality of different target analytes in a sample. The apparatus may comprise an array of sensing devices provided on a substrate, each sensing device in the array comprising a working electrode having (1) semiconducting nanostructures disposed thereon and (2) a capture reagent coupled to the semiconducting nanostructures that selectively binds to a different target analyte in the sample. The apparatus may also comprise sensing circuitry that (1) simultaneously detects changes to electron and ion mobility and charge accumulation in the array of sensing devices when the capture reagents in the array of sensing devices selectively bind to the plurality of different target analytes, and (2) determines the presence and concentrations of the plurality of different target analytes in the sample based on the detected changes.

Disclosed herein are devices, apparatus, systems, methods and kits for performing immunoassay tests on a sample. The A sensing apparatus is provided for detecting a plurality of different target analytes in a sample. The apparatus may comprise an array of sensing devices provided on a substrate, each sensing device in the array comprising a working electrode having (1) semiconducting nanostructures disposed thereon and (2) a capture reagent coupled to the semiconducting nanostructures that selectively binds to a different target analyte in the sample. The apparatus may also comprise sensing circuitry that (1) simultaneously detects changes to electron and ion mobility and charge accumulation in the array of sensing devices when the capture reagents in the array of sensing devices selectively bind to the plurality of different target analytes, and (2) determines the presence and concentrations of the plurality of different target analytes in the sample based on the detected changes.

The invention includes a bioelectronic interface comprising a self-assembling unit, wherein the self-assembling unit comprises a variant GPCR fusion protein bound to an S-layer fusion protein. The invention also encompasses a biosensor or device comprising the bioelectronic interface and methods of screening for a ligand of a GPCR.

The invention includes a bioelectronic interface comprising a self-assembling unit, wherein the self-assembling unit comprises a variant GPCR fusion protein bound to an S-layer fusion protein. The invention also encompasses a biosensor or device comprising the bioelectronic interface and methods of screening for a ligand of a GPCR.

In one aspect, a method of detecting a pathogen, e.g., Listeria bacterium, Chlamydia bacteria, gonorrhea bacteria and/or HPV, in a sample is disclosed, which comprises bringing a sample into contact with a graphene layer functionalized with an antibody exhibiting specific binding to the pathogen, monitoring electrical resistance of said antibody-functionalized graphene layer in response to interaction with said sample, and detecting presence of the pathogen in said sample by detecting a change in said electrical resistance indicative of interaction of the pathogen with said antibody-functionalized graphene layer. For example, a decrease of the electrical resistance of the graphene layer can indicate the presence of the pathogen in the sample under study. In some embodiments, a method according to the present teachings is capable of detecting pathogens, such as Listeria bacteria, Chlamydia bacteria, gonorrhea bacteria and HPV in a sample at a concentration as low as 4 cfu per 100 grams of a sample.

Disclosed herein are compositions, systems, and methods for identifying neurological diseases from biological sample analysis. A biological sample from a subject may be contacted to a particle to form a biomolecule corona, which may contain a subset of biomolecules from the biological sample and which can have utility for diagnosing a neurological disease state. Further disclosed herein are machine learning algorithms and trained classifiers for distinguishing neurological disease states based on biological data.

Disclosed herein are compositions, systems, and methods for identifying neurological diseases from biological sample analysis. A biological sample from a subject may be contacted to a particle to form a biomolecule corona, which may contain a subset of biomolecules from the biological sample and which can have utility for diagnosing a neurological disease state. Further disclosed herein are machine learning algorithms and trained classifiers for distinguishing neurological disease states based on biological data.

The disclosure provides example devices and methods for making and using the devices for rapid testing for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The example device includes (a) a substrate coupled to a metal oxide layer, (b) a graphene layer coupled to the metal oxide layer, (c) a chemical or biochemical linker functionalized with the graphene layer, and (d) a plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors that are bound to the graphene layer via the chemical or biochemical linker, wherein the plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors comprise SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies or SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, where the graphene layer is configured to have a first phononic energy, when the plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors are unattached to target molecules, and a second phononic energy, when the plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors are attached to target molecules.

The disclosure provides example devices and methods for making and using the devices for rapid testing for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The example device includes (a) a substrate coupled to a metal oxide layer, (b) a graphene layer coupled to the metal oxide layer, (c) a chemical or biochemical linker functionalized with the graphene layer, and (d) a plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors that are bound to the graphene layer via the chemical or biochemical linker, wherein the plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors comprise SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies or SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, where the graphene layer is configured to have a first phononic energy, when the plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors are unattached to target molecules, and a second phononic energy, when the plurality of SARS-CoV-2 receptors are attached to target molecules.

Methods and devices are provided for the detection and characterization of circulating cells in a blood sample. Such method can include depositing a sample of a bodily fluid on a device comprising carbon nanotubes, wherein the surfaces of the carbon nanotubes are not functionalized; and detecting target cells adhered to the carbon nanotubes.