A nucleic acid molecule comprising a stem-loop structure, a nucleic acid complex comprising the nucleic acid molecule, a composition for delivering a target recognition sequence, and the composition comprising the nucleic acid complex. An artificial small ribonucleic acid of the stem-loop structure stably maintains single-strandedness of a target recognition sequence which interacts with a nucleic acid of interest for a gene of interest of a prokaryote, thereby providing a nucleic acid complex for effective silencing of the gene of interest.

To provide a technique for selecting a target cell producing a target substance that specifically binds to a desired cell membrane protein more rapidly and efficiently. A substrate 1 having a plurality of microwells 2 is provided. A first cell 3 expressing a target cell membrane protein on its surface is allowed to adhere to each of the microwells 2. One or two second cells 5 as a candidate of a target cell are introduced into each microwell 2, and are allowed to coexist with the first cell 3 in the microwell 2, and target substance 6 secreted by the second cell 5 is brought into contact with the first cell 3. A microwell 2 including the first cell 3 to which the target substance 6 binds is identified. The second cell 5 as the target cell is recovered from the identified microwell 2. One example of the target substance 6 is an antibody. Visualization may be performed by adding a label substance 7.

Systems for and methods of capturing, detecting, quantifying, and characterizing target moieties that are characterized by having a lipophilic portion of sufficient size and chemical composition whereby the target moiety inserts (or partitions) into a lipid assembly are described. Methods of diagnosing a subject as having a bacterial infection by detecting bacterial pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecules in serum are further described.

Systems for and methods of capturing, detecting, quantifying, and characterizing target moieties that are characterized by having a lipophilic portion of sufficient size and chemical composition whereby the target moiety inserts (or partitions) into a lipid assembly are described. Methods of diagnosing a subject as having a bacterial infection by detecting bacterial pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecules in serum are further described.

Methods and systems for improved labeling and/or de-labeling a molecule or cell in the context of scientific experimentation, industrial applications, and clinical investigation, including the means to repeat the process of labeling and de-labeling in an efficient manner.

Methods and systems for improved labeling and/or de-labeling a molecule or cell in the context of scientific experimentation, industrial applications, and clinical investigation, including the means to repeat the process of labeling and de-labeling in an efficient manner.

A microstructured chip (3; 33; 43; 53; 63) for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, taking the form of a solid formed by: a base (5; 77); an upper surface (4; 44), at least part of which is covered with a metal layer (2; 22; 42; 52; 62); and at least one side surface (55; 66). The chip is characterized in that the aforementioned upper surface is provided with micrometric zones intended to receive species to be analyzed and selected from among n protrusions and m cavities, and in that when n+m≧2 the zones are separated from one another by planar surfaces, with n varying between 1 and j, m varying between 0 and i, and j and i being integers.

The invention relates to biosensors for detecting odorants, especially a biosensor that mimics odorant detection by a mammal, for example, humans, dogs or cats. The field of the invention also related to the standardization of odors for scent, smell and taste using the biosensor of the invention, and the discovery of agonists, antagonists, and mixtures of odorants for creating new odors, masking odors, enhancing odors, and designing odors.

The present invention relates to a method for analyzing the pattern of live intercellular membrane protein binding. The method for analyzing the pattern according to the present invention can analyze accurately, sensitively, quickly, and readily the binding pattern of a target membrane protein and a candidate substance to be specifically bound therewith without tagging to a ligand, and thus measure directly and accurately the position and quantitative information of the binding of the membrane protein and the target substance. Such effects make it possible to apply the method for various uses such as dissociation constant, mutant study, complex formation, and signal transduction. Moreover, it is expected to use the method for searching out undiscovered membrane proteins and target substances.

The present invention relates to a method for analyzing the pattern of live intercellular membrane protein binding. The method for analyzing the pattern according to the present invention can analyze accurately, sensitively, quickly, and readily the binding pattern of a target membrane protein and a candidate substance to be specifically bound therewith without tagging to a ligand, and thus measure directly and accurately the position and quantitative information of the binding of the membrane protein and the target substance. Such effects make it possible to apply the method for various uses such as dissociation constant, mutant study, complex formation, and signal transduction. Moreover, it is expected to use the method for searching out undiscovered membrane proteins and target substances.