Disclosed are methods of treating a patient exposed to MTV. Also disclosed is a purified cDNA encoding an MTV transition protein peptide chain. Also disclosed is a vaccine containing an MTV transition protein. A further version of the invention is a vaccine comprising MTV polypeptides coupled to a carrier protein. MTV may be treated by providing an MTV vaccine with an MTV transition protein; and, administering said vaccine. In further instances, the MTV vaccine is administered with an antiretroviral medication.

The present invention is an antibody including an amino acid sequence, wherein the amino acid sequence includes, in an N- to C-direction, the following structural domains:
N-FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4-C
wherein FR denotes a framework region amino acid sequence and CDR denotes a complementary determining region amino acid sequence; the CDR1 includes an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1; the CDR2 includes an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2; and the CDR3 includes an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3. The antibody is capable of binding to an intranuclear protein of an influenza virus.

The invention relates to methods of assessing a patient's risk of developing Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

A method for therapy control of HPV16 positive carcinoma, an antibody for use in the corresponding diagnostic method as well as a test for performing the method. In particular, a serologic method for monitoring the development of the amount of antibodies in samples, which were taken from a patient before and after the treatment of a HPV16 positive carcinoma over a predetermined period of time. In addition, an immunologic test in the form of a kit, with which the method can be performed.

A device for biological material detection includes a substrate; a through-hole through which a biological material to be tested passes, the through-hole being formed in the substrate; a molecule that interacts with the biological material to be tested passing through, the molecule being formed in the through-hole; a first chamber member that forms, with at least the surface including the through-hole on one surface side of the substrate, a first chamber to be filled with electrolyte; and a second chamber member that forms, with at least the surface including the through-hole on the other surface side of the substrate, a second chamber to be filled with electrolyte. The biological material to be tested is identified by the waveform of the ion current (passage time, shape, etc.) when the biological material to be tested passes through the through-hole.

Provided is an isolated mammalian negative strand RNA virus, metapneumovirus (MPV), within the sub-family Pneumoviridae, of the family Paramyxoviridae. Also provided are isolated mammalian negative strand RNA viruses identifiable as phylogenetically corresponding or relating to the genus Metapneumovirus and components thereof. In particular, provided is a mammalian MPV, subgroups and variants thereof. Also provided are genomic nucleotide sequences of different isolates of mammalian MPV, in particular, human MPV. Disclosed is the use of the sequence information of different isolates of mammalian MPV for diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Provided are nucleotide sequences encoding the genome of an MPV or a portion thereof, including both mammalian and avian MPV. Further described are chimeric or recombinant viruses encoded by the nucleotide sequences and chimeric and recombinant mammalian MPV that comprise one or more non-native or heterologous sequences. Also provided are vaccine formulations comprising mammalian or avian MPV, including recombinant and chimeric forms thereof. The vaccine preparations encompass multivalent vaccines, including bivalent and trivalent vaccine preparations.

The present invention provides methods of detecting infection using biomarkers. The methods disclosed herein include measuring the expression level of one or more polypeptide determinants in which the alteration of the expression level indicates infection of the patient. The methods provided herein are for distinguishing between bacterial infection, mixed infection, and/or viral infection. The methods disclosed herein may also further comprise measuring one or more non-polypeptide determinants. The present disclosure also provides methods for selection of a treatment regimen for the subject based on whether the subject is identified as having a bacterial or mixed infection, or a viral infection.

The present disclosure provides, in one aspect, a target substance detection method in which a trapping substance that indirectly binds to both an immobilization side (support side) and a detection side (reporter side), which is a method for detecting a target substance in a sample. The method includes a reaction step of reacting the sample, a support including a first binding portion, a reporter substance including a second binding portion, a first trapping substance that includes a first binding partner portion capable of binding to the first binding portion and that can bind to the target substance, and a second trapping substance that includes a second binding partner portion capable of binding to the second binding portion and that can bind to the target substance; and a detection step of detecting a signal from the reporter substance.

The present invention relates to an immunochromatographic analysis device for detecting chikungunya virus, including a sample loading part, a labeling substance retaining part, a chromatographic medium part having a detection part, and an absorption part, wherein the labeling substance retaining part contains a first antibody against the chikungunya virus, including a specific heavy chain variable region and a specific light chain variable region or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, and the detection part contains a second antibody against the chikungunya virus, including a specific heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, and a third antibody against the chikungunya virus, including a specific heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.

This disclosure relates to HPV proteins, antibodies, and uses in managing abnormal epithelial cell growth. In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to detecting an HPV protein in a sample and correlating the presence as an indication that a subject is at risk of developing an HPV-related disease or condition. In certain embodiments, the HPV protein is E2 and/or E6. In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to vaccinating or treating a subject for an HPV infection or related condition optionally in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to HPV protein specific antibodies and binding agents for uses reported herein.