Provided herein is a method for determining the number of sites of infection of a cell culture, including the steps of: infecting a cell culture arranged in a sample carrier with viruses, counting any infected areas of the cell culture by means of a transmitted light method, marking infected cells with fluorescence markers, counting infected areas of the cell culture by means of a fluorescence analysis method, and evaluating area by area the areas determined in both methods for determining the number of sites of infection.

The invention provides enrichment platform devices for size-based capture of particles in solution. The enrichment platform device is useful for label-free capture of any particle. The invention relates to enrichment platform devices using nanowires and vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The invention provides methods for making the enrichment platform devices. The invention provides methods for using the enrichment platform devices for filtering particles, capturing particles, concentrating particles, and releasing viable particles.

Isolated V.sub.HH monoclonal antibodies are disclosed that specifically bind to a Norovirus polypeptide. In some embodiments, the Norovirus is a Genogroup I Norovirus or a Genogroup II Norovirus. In other embodiments, the Norovirus is Norwalk or MD2004 virus. In some embodiments, the monoclonal antibodies specifically bind VP1. Also disclosed are compositions including the disclosed antibodies, nucleic acids encoding these antibodies, expression vectors including the nucleic acids, and isolated host cells that express the nucleic acids. The antibodies and compositions disclosed herein can be used for detecting the presence of a Norovirus in a biological sample, or detecting a Norovirus infection. Also disclosed are methods of treating and/or preventing a NoV infection.

The invention provides methods and mass-labeled peptides for use in said methods for quantifying the presence of a one or more viral proteins in a sample of a preparation containing agents which bind to said viral protein, using mass-spectroscopic analyses of the sample and standards containing known amounts of labeled and unlabeled signature peptides, in particular wherein said viral proteins are antigens in a vaccine for porcine circovirus.

Provided herein are methods of detecting an antibody directed against a pathogen and uses thereof. One aspect provided herein relates to a method for detecting an antibody against a pathogen in a subject, the method comprising: (a) contacting a reaction sample comprising a display library with a biological sample comprising antibodies, wherein the display library comprises a plurality of peptides derived from a plurality of pathogens, and (b) detecting a peptide bound to at least one antibody, thereby detecting an antibody capable of binding the peptide.

Polypeptides that bind to viral hemagglotinin are disclosed and methods for their use in treating or limiting influenza infection, and diagnosing influenza infection.

The present disclosure is directed to antibodies binding to and neutralizing Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and methods for use thereof.

One aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for detecting acute Borna Disease Virus (BDV) infections. According to the invention, the presence of heterodimers of p24 BDV phosphoprotein and p40 BDV nucleoprotein in a sample is determined by means of antibodies of both proteins using a sandwich ELISA. The invention also relates to a diagnostic kit for a sandwich ELISA for detecting mute BDV infections. Said kit uses a antibody of p24 BDV phosphoprotein and a second primary antibody of p40 BDV nucleoprotein, at least one reporter-molecule-labelled secondary antibody, means for immobilising a primary antibody on a surface, and instructions for carrying out the method according to the invention. The invention also relates to the combination of the method according to the invention and the new diagnostic kit with known methods for detecting circulating immune complexes (CIC) and antibodies. Acute BDV infections are thus distinguished from chronic and latent ones (humans and animals), allowing, for example, differential diagnosis and treatment monitoring for diseased individuals but also the identification of health risks depending on infection status in healthy carriers.

The present invention relates to a novel feline paramyxovirus. The paramyxovirus of the present invention is a (-)ssRNA virus and has in one aspect a genome which is complementary to the nucleic acid according to SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID NO:8. The invention further relates to corresponding nucleic acids and polypeptides, antibodies and vaccines. Further, the invention relates to medical uses and diagnostic methods concerning the paramyxovirus of the invention.

The present invention provides, among other things, antibody agents (e.g., antibodies, and/or antigen-binding fragments thereof) that bind to DV epitopes, as well as compositions containing them and methods of designing, providing, formulating, using, identifying and/or characterizing them. In some embodiments, provided antibody agents show significant binding to a plurality of DV serotypes. In some embodiments, provided antibody agents show significant binding to all four DV serotypes. Such antibody agents are useful, for example, in the prophylaxis, treatment, diagnosis, and/or study of DV.