This document provides methods and materials related to treating a disease. For example, this document provides methods for treating a subject's disease based on identifying the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy PML using a genetic test.

A recombinant polypeptide can be used in the diagnosis of the presence of a Zika virus in a patient. The recombinant polypeptide includes SEQ ID NO1 or a variant thereof, where the recombinant polypeptide is a monomer, a dimer, or a hexamer.

A method for providing immunoassay test results includes collecting at least one biologic with a testing device, conjugating the biologic with particles on a conjugate pad of a test strip to create an immune complex, binding antigens or antibodies of the immune complex to antigens or antibodies of a test line, providing a software application to be stored on a mobile device having a camera; capturing an image of the testing device, including a color mosaic having at least one color value corresponding to a positive test result, comparing the color values of the test line image to the color values of the image of the color mosaic, determining if the color values of the image of the test line are within a predetermined range of the at least one color value of the image of the color mosaic corresponding to a positive test result; and presenting test results on the viewing screen.

The invention relates to polynucleotide agents targeting programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) gene, and methods of using such polynucleotide agents to inhibit expression of PD-L1 and to treat subjects having a PD-L1-associated disorder.

Disclosed herein are methods of producing glyco-modified viral antigens that provide a shift of the glycosylation profile of recombinant produced viral antigens (e.g. glycoproteins) towards the naturally occurring viral antigens (e.g. glycoproteins). Disclosed are methods of producing a modified viral antigen comprising expressing a viral antigen in a recombinant mammalian cell line having one or more of the endogenous genes Mgat2, Mgat4A, Mgat4B, Mgat5, St3Gal3, St3Gal4, B4galt1, B4galt2, B4galt3, B4galt4, B4galt5, B3gnt2, St3Gal6, SPPL3, and/or FUT8 inactivated and/or downregulated; and optionally a gene ST6Gall inserted. Disclosed are glyco-modified viral antigens produced by the method of using a recombinant mammalian cell line. Disclosed are methods of treating a subject in need thereof comprising administering a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of one or more of the glyco-modified viral antigens. Disclosed are methods of screening for an antibody specific to one or more of the disclosed glyco-modified viral antigens.

A method of classifying an infectious disease in a subject are disclosed.

The method comprises: (a) measuring the amount of at least one protein set forth in Table 4 and at least one protein set forth in Table 6 in a sample derived from the subject; and (b) ruling in or ruling out a viral disease based on the amount of the at least one protein set forth in Table 4 and determining the severity of the viral disease based on the amount of the at least one protein set forth in Table 6.

The invention relates to methods and kits for detecting one or more antibody biomarkers in a sample, wherein the antibody biomarker specifically binds a viral antigen. In embodiments, the viral antigen is a monkeypox virus (MPXV) antigen, a vaccinia virus (VACV) antigen, or combination thereof.

The present disclosure is directed to human antibodies binding to and neutralizing ebolavirus and methods for use thereof. A further embodiment involves a monoclonal antibody, wherein the antibody or antibody fragment is characterized by clone-paired heavy and light chain CDR sequences. In yet another embodiment, there is provided a hybridoma or engineered cell encoding an antibody or antibody fragment. An additional embodiment comprises a vaccine formulation comprising one or more antibodies or antibody fragments characterized by clone-paired heavy and light chain CDR sequences. In still a further embodiment, there is provided a method of protecting the health of a placenta and/or fetus of a pregnant a subject infected with or at risk of infection with ebolavirus comprising delivering to said subject the antibody or antibody fragment.

The present disclosure provides EBNA1 and LMP1 dual-targeting peptides and upconversion nanoparticles conjugates comprising the same useful as therapeutic and theranostic agents capable of targeting EBNA1 and LMP1 proteins present in Epstein-Barr virus infected cells, such as cancer.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods and kits for detecting and monitoring pathogens, such as bacterial, fungal and viral foodborne pathogens.