The subject invention pertains to isolated influenza virus that is capable of infecting canids and causing respiratory disease in the canid. The subject invention also pertains to compositions and methods for inducing an immune response against an influenza virus of the present invention. The subject invention also pertains to compositions and methods for identifying a virus of the invention and diagnosing infection of an animal with a virus of the invention.

Methods, devices, and systems for analyzing biological samples are provided. A biological sample may be analyzed for the presence of an analyte by an initial assay, and the performance of, or method of performance of, a subsequent assay may be contingent upon the results of the initial assay. For example, the following may be contingent on the results of a prior assay: whether or not a subsequent assay is performed; which subsequent assay is performed; the method of performing a subsequent assay; the order of performance of a sequence of subsequent assays; the steps, or order of steps, performed in a subsequent assay; the timing of the performance of a subsequent assay; the choice of a reagent used in a subsequent assay; the detection method used in a subsequent assay; and other particulars of assays may be contingent on the results of a prior assay.

Techniques for detection of virus-antibody nanocomplexes using a chip-based pillar array are provided. In one aspect, a method for virus detection is provided. The method includes the steps of: collecting a fluid sample from a virus-bearing source; contacting the fluid sample with an antibody that binds to viruses to form a sample-antibody mixture, wherein the antibody is labeled with a fluorescent tag; separating particles including any antibody-virus complexes, if present, from the sample-antibody mixture using an assay nanopillar array; and detecting the antibody-virus complexes, if present, in the particles from the separating step using fluorescence. A virus detection chip device and a chip-based immunoassay method are also provided.

The invention is directed to methods to identify improbable mutations in the heavy or light chain variable domain of an antibody, methods to identify antigens which bind to antibodies comprising such improbable mutations, and methods of using such antigens to induce immune responses.

There is provided a method for detecting the presence of cells infected with a coronavirus. A sample obtained from a patient is transferred to a sample vessel and labeled molecules that binding different viral structural proteins are incubated with the sample. An apparatus useful for practicing the method is also discussed. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

A method includes attaching two or more beads to each unit of one or more units of a chemical component in a sample, to form, for each unit of the chemical component, a multi-bead complex including two or more beads and the unit of the chemical component; placing the sample on a surface of an image sensor; at the image sensor, receiving light originating at a light source, the received light including light reflected by, refracted by, or transmitted through the beads of the multi-bead complexes; at the image sensor, capturing one or more images of the sample from the received light; and identifying, in at least one of the images of the sample, separate multi-bead complexes, the identifying of the separate multi-bead complexes including associating the two or more beads of each of the multi-bead complexes based on proximity to one another.

This invention provides a method of identifying or characterising an immune response in a subject comprising: (a) contacting a sample containing immunoglobulins from the subject with at least one antigen immobilised on a support; (b) washing unbound, non-antigen specific immunoglobulins from the support to leave antigen-specific immunoglobulins bound to the antigen on the support; (c) optionally eluting the antigen-specific immunoglobulins from the antigen on the support; and (d) subjecting the antigen-specific immunoglobulins to mass spectrometry to identify two or more different antigen specific immunoglobulin classes, subclasses and/or light chain types.

Disclosed are systems, devices and methods for a quantitative aptamer-based viral assay. In some aspects, an aptamer-based viral assay device includes a substrate and a biochemical complex conjugated to the substrate, which comprises an aptamer that is initially bound to an enzyme-tagged complementary strand of nucleotides, the aptamer corresponding to an antigen of a virus (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) that has a higher binding affinity to the aptamer than the complementary strand of nucleotides, wherein, when the device is exposed to a solution containing the virus, the enzyme-tagged strand is released from the aptamer as the aptamer binds the antigen of the virus, such that the released enzyme is capable of converting a substance to an analyte that is measurable by a remote analyte meter to correlate with a parameter of the virus in the solution.

The present invention relates to a composition for diagnosing infectious diseases, comprising an agent for measuring the expression level of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and, more specifically, to a composition for diagnosing infectious diseases or diagnosing the severity thereof, the composition comprising an agent for measuring the expression level of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) or a C-terminal peptide thereof.

Disclosed herein are shark-derived antibodies and binding molecules with high binding affinity for SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and the use thereof. Some of the shark-derived antibodies and binding molecules also demonstrate cross-reactivity with and neutralization of other related sarbecoviruses. The complementarity determining region (CDR) sequences and binding characteristics for these antibodies and binding molecules are provided. Also disclosed are the use of these antibodies and binding molecules to detect SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus or other related sarbecoviruses or to prevent or treat SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus or other related sarbecovirus infections.