Provided herein is technology for esophageal disorder screening and particularly, but not exclusively, to methods, compositions, and related uses for detecting the presence of esophageal disorders (e.g., Barrett's esophagus, Barrett's esophageal dysplasia, etc.). In addition, the technology provides methods, compositions and related uses for distinguishing between Barrett's esophagus and Barrett's esophageal dysplasia, and between Barrett's esophageal low-grade dysplasia, Barrett's esophageal high-grade dysplasia, and esophageal adenocarcinoma within samples obtained through endoscopic brushing or nonendoscopic whole esophageal brushing or swabbing using a tethered device (e.g. such as a capsule sponge, balloon, or other device).

The present invention relates to a peptide bound to CD44v6 and uses for inhibiting cancer metastasis using the same, and the peptide of the present invention specifically binds to CD44v6 and inhibits it, thereby inhibiting cancer cell migration and metastasis. The peptides of the present invention selected two peptides (v6Pep-1 and v6Pep-2) that bind well to cells with high expression of human CD44v6 protein using phage peptide display technology and it was confirmed that it interferes with the binding between c-Met and CD44v6 to inhibit cancer cell migration. The peptide of the present invention is relatively stable in serum and shows a high potential as an anticancer treatment agent that suppresses metastasis due to the progression and migration of cancer in the future.

The invention provides systems and methods for determining and predicting the effect of providing a population of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on a condition associated with an entity, for example the effect of providing a population of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on a subject having cancer. The systems and methods rely on acquiring a computer readable analytical signature from a sample of the entity, obtaining a trained model output value for the entity by inputting the computer readable analytical signature into a tier trained model panel, and classifying the entity based upon the trained model output value with a time-to-event class in an enumerated set of time-to-event classes, each of whom is associated with a different effect of providing a population of TILs to the entity.

The invention provides methods of treating cancer in a patient by administering a therapeutically effective population of TILs to the patient, which is at the same determined to be likely to benefit from the administration of TILs comparative to other cancer patients that have been administered TILs. Such methods of treatment include obtaining from the patient a tumor fragment, contacting the tumor fragment with one or more cell culture mediums, thereby performing one or more expansions of population of TILs existing in the tumor, and producing one or more subsequent populations of TILs. The invention also provides methods of treating cancer in a patient exhibiting an increased or decreased level of expression of various biological markers.

The present disclosure provides a method of prognosis of thyroid cancer including obtaining an exosome from a subject who had received a therapy of thyroid cancer such as thyroidectomy, and detecting whether thyroglobulin is present in the exosome. Moreover, the present disclosure provides the use of urinary exosomal thyroglobulin in being a non-invasive, reproducible, convenient, serial, and accurate follow-up marker for patient with thyroid cancer.

A method of detecting one or more exosomal protein in a sample includes the steps of: a) introducing the sample on at least a part of a first sensor having a nanostructure thereon, subjecting the first sensor to an optical radiation in a certain spectral range to produce a localized surface plasmon resonance and measuring an induced phase response; and b) introducing the sample on a second sensor having a nanostructure thereon, and obtaining an image via atomic force microscopy analysis with a probe functionalized with an antibody targeting the exosomal protein. A kit for detecting at least one exosomal protein in a sample includes a first sensor having a nanostructure thereon; a second sensor having a nanostructure thereon, and a probe functionalized with an antibody targeting the exosomal protein.

Provided herein are compositions and methods of using Seneca Valley Virus (SW), or a derivative thereof, combined with an IFN-I inhibitor for treating a cancer in a subject. The disclosed methods particularly rely upon the expression level of an ANTXR1 and the expression level of IFN-I in the cancer from the subject. Also provided herein are methods for predicting the efficacy of an SW treatment and a kit for determining the same.

This document relates to methods and materials for assessing and/or treating mammals (e.g., humans) having, or suspected of having, cancer. For example, methods and materials for identifying a mammal as having cancer are provided. For example, microfluidic devices that can be used to detect one or more target polypeptides (e.g., cancer-specific polypeptides) in a fluid sample obtained from a mammal (e.g., a mammal suspected of having cancer) are provided.

Compositions and methods for improved cell-based methods of characterizing botulinum neurotoxins are provided. Cells utilized in these methods include a reporting construct that is cleaved following uptake and processing of botulinum neurotoxin by the cell, resulting in proteolysis of the portion of the reporting construct that is released following cleavage. The released portion includes a fluorophore and amino acid substitutions or sequences that enhance the rate of proteolysis. A pair of reporting constructs can be utilized in which one member of the pair is modified to resist cleavage by the botulinum neurotoxin while co-localizing with the remaining member of the pair.

This disclosure describes methods and compositions for detecting the presence of a Kelch-like protein 11 autoantibody in a biological sample. Also provided are methods of treating subjects with testicular cancer or a premalignant condition and paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis.

Described herein is a microfluidic assay device that mimics in vitro the in vivo biological environment, supporting endothelization, allowing for perfusive flow similar to in vivo blood flow conditions, and providing for realistic interactions between T-cells and solid tumor cells, such as glioblastoma multiforme tumor cells. Also described herein are methods of using this microfluidic assay device for the study of interactions of immune cells with tumor cells, such as glioblastoma multiforme tumor cells, and the development of improved immunotherapeutic approaches against cancers, such as glioblastoma multiforme.