Non-invasive methods of risk stratification and treatment of bladder cancer in a subject are based on evaluating D-dimer in a urine sample of the subject, and assay systems thereof for evaluation of D-dimer in the urine sample.

The present invention relates to a method for the prognosis of bone metastasis in triple negative (including basal-like) breast cancer or, alternatively, ER+ breast cancer (including luminal A and B) which comprises determining if the c-MAF gene is amplified in a primary tumor sample. Likewise, the invention also relates to a method for determining the tendency to develop bone metastasis with respect to metastasis in other organs, which comprise determining the c-MAF gene expression level, amplification or translocation. The invention also relates to a method for predicting early bone metastasis in a subject suffering breast cancer. The invention also relates to a c-MAF inhibitor as therapeutic agent for use in the treatment of triple negative (including basal-like) breast cancer metastasis or, alternatively, ER+ breast cancer (including luminal A and B) metastasis. The invention relates to kits for predicting bone metastasis and predicting the clinical outcome of a subject suffering from bone metastasis. Finally, the invention relates to a method for typing of a subject suffering breast cancer and for classifying a subject from breast cancer into a cohort.

In one aspect, provided herein is a method comprising: (a) (i) determining cytolytic activity in a tumor from the subject; and/or (ii) determining genetic alterations associated with cytolytic activity in the tumor; and (b) administering an immunotherapeutic agent to the subject if (i) cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor and/or (ii) a genetic alteration associated with induction of cytolytic activity, tumor resistance to cytolytic activity and/or suppression of cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor.

The present description relates to the use of a SRSF3 agent for regulating the function of a myeloid cell, such as a microglial cell and/or monocyte, for treating neurological conditions, cancers, bacterial infections and viral infections wherein the SRSF3 agent inhibits expression or function of SRSF3.

The present disclosure relates to the finding that thymidine kinase 1 (TK-1) represents a valuable biomarker in a method for determining a Prognostic Index (PI) for risk stratification of a patient with aggressive B-cell lymphoma, especially diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), to the use of TK-1 in such PI and to a PI comprising the marker TK-1.

Described herein are assays and methods to detect and/or treat a non-responsive or treatment resistant p16 positive tumor in a subject in need thereof. The disclosed method can also involve determining if the subject is HPV positive or negative, whether the HPV is integrated or episomal, and selecting a suitable treatment based on these determinations. Also disclosed herein is a method of treating an oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a subject using the arrays and methods disclosed herein.

The invention relates to the field of cancer, in particular uterine cancer. In particular, it relates to the field of immune system directed approaches for tumor reduction and control. Some aspects of the invention relate to vaccines, vaccinations and other means of stimulating an antigen specific immune response against a tumor in individuals. Such vaccines comprise neoantigens resulting from frameshift mutations that bring out-of-frame sequences of the ARID1A, KMT2B, KMT2D, PIK3R1, and PTEN genes in-frame. Such vaccines are also useful for ‘off the shelf’ use.

A composition and a kit are capable of detecting osteocalcin and N-cadherin, which are biomarkers of circulating osteocalcin-positive cells that are released in the microscopic bone metastasis stage of cancer. Thus, the composition and the kit may diagnose metastatic bone cancer early. In addition, a method of providing information for early diagnosis of bone metastasis of cancer may increase the survival rate of metastatic bone cancer patients.

The present technology relates to methods for treating, preventing, and/or ameliorating cancer comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin, or an analog thereof (e.g, the cyclic peptide analog AZP531) to a subject in need thereof. Kits for use in practicing the methods are also provided.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for molecular profiling and diagnostics for genetic disorders and cancer, including but not limited to gene expression product markers associated with cancer or genetic disorders. In particular, the present invention provides algorithms and methods of classifying cancer, for example, thyroid cancer, methods of determining molecular profiles, and methods of analyzing results to provide a diagnosis.