A method of selecting wavelengths of radiation for discriminating a first cell or tissue type from a different cell or tissue type is described. First and second sets of absorption spectra are obtained, each set comprising spectra obtained at a plurality of different spatial regions of the first cell or tissue type and of the different cell or tissue type, respectively. Sets of corresponding metrics are defined for the first and second sets of absorption spectra for each spatial region. Each metric comprises information corresponding to the absorption for at least two different wavelengths. The metrics in each set comprise different combinations of wavelengths. A characteristic value is generated for each metric. Distributions are generated for each metric using corresponding characteristic values for the first cell or tissue type and for the different cell or tissue type and compared to determine an extent of similarity. The metrics are ranked based on the extent of similarity and wavelengths associated with higher ranked metrics, having higher similarities, are selected.

The present invention describes methods of identifying drugs for the treatment or prevention of diabetes by measuring the activity of the human zinc transporter ZnT8 and pharmaceutical compositions.

[Object] To provide a novel examination method for a cancer treatment effect, screening method fora peptide fora cancer vaccine, and peptide and composition for inducing an immune response against cancer. [Solving Means] Provided are an examination method for a cancer treatment effect and a screening method for a peptide for a cancer vaccine each including detecting an antibody against a cancer/testis antigen or an anti-p53 antibody in a sample. It is suitable that an anti-XAGE1 antibody (IgG and/or IgA) be detected, or an anti-NY-ESO-1 antibody (IgG) be detected. Also provided are a novel peptide and novel composition for inducing immune responses against cancer.

The present invention relates to a peptide bound to CD44v6 and uses for inhibiting cancer metastasis using the same, and the peptide of the present invention specifically binds to CD44v6 and inhibits it, thereby inhibiting cancer cell migration and metastasis. The peptides of the present invention selected two peptides (v6Pep-1 and v6Pep-2) that bind well to cells with high expression of human CD44v6 protein using phage peptide display technology and it was confirmed that it interferes with the binding between c-Met and CD44v6 to inhibit cancer cell migration. The peptide of the present invention is relatively stable in serum and shows a high potential as an anticancer treatment agent that suppresses metastasis due to the progression and migration of cancer in the future.

A method for setting a threshold for basal levels of QSOX1-L in urine comprising: Storing de-identified urine from 100 BC patient samples and from 100 patients with non-malignant conditions; serially diluting the patient samples with a blocking buffer in triplicate followed by incubation in ELISA plates coated with anti-QSOX-L capture Ab; after 1-hour incubation at 37 C, washing plates followed by addition of biotinylated anti-QSOX-L detection antibody; using Streptavidin-HRP to generate dose dependent signal; obtaining a standard curve for each plate using recombinant QSOX1-L protein spiked into urine that has been depleted of QSOX1-L using affinity chromatography column conjugated with anti-sera against 100aa peptide; calculating concentrations of QSOX1-L based on a standard curve for each plate; and calculating a mean concentrations, ±2 SD to establish a reference range for QSOX1-L levels in urine from patients and individuals without malignant disease.

The invention provides methods for treating cancer in a subject and/or predicting outcome of a lymph node metastasis (LNM) in a subject, the methods comprising obtaining a sample comprising LNM cells from the subject; measuring gene expression levels in the sample of at least ten genes; determining a LNM-specific molecular subtype comprising the gene expression levels of the at least ten genes; providing an indication as to the outcome when the LNM-specific molecular subtype indicates that the expression levels of the at least ten genes are altered in a predictive manner; and administering an aggressive cancer treatment regimen to the subject when a determination is made that the subject has LNM cells with decreased outcome.

Provided are anti-CD47 antibodies and fragments thereof. The antibodies and fragments thereof specifically bind to the CD47 protein. Methods of using the antibodies or fragments thereof for treating and diagnosing diseases such as cancer and atherosclerosis are also provided.

A method and apparatus for the quantitative determination of an individual's risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) is described. Risk determination is accomplished and may have a sensitivity and specificity of greater than 95%, by generating linear and nonlinear mathematical digital ECG-constructed models from digital ECG-type data of an individual's digital ECG, determining stability/instability of digital ECG-constructed control model systems corresponding to the digital ECG-constructed models by a plurality of techniques and transforming stability/instability values obtained by the determining stability/instability into a quantitative value reflecting an individual's risk for SCD.

The present invention relates to an analytical in vitro process for predicting the therapeutic effectiveness of at least one pharmaceutical compound in the treatment of leukemia and/or lymphoma, the process analysing the transmembrane potential of mitochondria in cells isolated from a patient by quantification of fluorescence emitted from a dye indicating induction of apoptosis.

In one aspect, provided herein is a method comprising: (a) (i) determining cytolytic activity in a tumor from the subject; and/or (ii) determining genetic alterations associated with cytolytic activity in the tumor; and (b) administering an immunotherapeutic agent to the subject if (i) cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor and/or (ii) a genetic alteration associated with induction of cytolytic activity, tumor resistance to cytolytic activity and/or suppression of cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor.