This invention provides a set of biological markers that are useful for detecting cancer. This invention further provides methods of using those biological markers for the diagnosis, prognosis, or monitoring of cancer.

The present invention relates to a method of diagnosing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) in an individual. In addition, the present invention relates to a method of providing a survival prognosis to an individual suffering from Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Moreover, the present invention relates to a kit for performing the above-mentioned methods.

Provided are anti-CD73 antibodies or fragments thereof. The antibodies or fragments therefore include a VH CDR1 of SEQ ID NO: 1, a VH CDR2 of SEQ ID NO: 2, a VH CDR3 of SEQ ID NO: 3, a VL CDR1 of SEQ ID NO: 4, a VL CDR2 of SEQ ID NO: 5, and a VL CDR3 of SEQ ID NO: 6, or variants of each thereof. More generally, antibodies or fragments thereof are described which have specificity to one or more amino acid residues selected from the C-terminal half of a human CD73 protein, such as those in the C-terminal domains. Specific epitope amino acids in these domains include Y345, D399, E400, R401 and R480. Methods of using the antibodies or fragments thereof for treating and diagnosing diseases such as cancer are also provided.

The present invention pertains to the field of cancer prediction. Specifically, it relates to a method for predicting the risk of recurrence of bladder cancer in a subject after treatment of bladder cancer comprising the steps of determining the amount of at least one biomarker selected from the biomarkers shown in Table, and comparing the amount of said at least one biomarker with a reference amount for said at least one biomarker, whereby the risk of recurrence of bladder cancer is to be predicted. The present invention also contemplates a method for identifying a subject being in need of a further bladder cancer therapy. Encompassed are, furthermore, diagnostic devices and kits for carrying out said methods.

The invention relates to a method for improving the screening of histological samples, especially samples that may include cancerous or precancerous cells, or cells having other disease states. The method involves analysing a sample obtained from a subject and comprises the steps of providing the spectra produced by scanning the sample using FTIR spectroscopy and identifying or sorting the cells in the sample according to the spectrum each produces.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

Provided herein are methods and systems of molecular profiling of diseases, such as cancer. In some embodiments, the molecular profiling can be used to identify treatments for the disease, such as treatments that provide likely benefit or likely lack of benefit for the disease.

Disclosed are markers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) diagnosis and prognostic prediction, and use thereof. The INSL5 level in a plasma sample can be determined by means of ELISA. It was found that the INSL5 plasma level is significantly different between NPC patients and healthy population. The analysis results of a ROC curve show that an area under curve of INSL5 is 0.941, the critical value of the INSL5 level is 2.45 ng/ml, and the sensitivity and specificity thereof are 93.2% and 81.5% respectively. In the healthy cohort, the INSL5 level in EBV-positive plasma is significantly higher than that in EBV-negative plasma. The EBV-negative subjects comprise 34 healthy individuals and 72 NPC patients, and the INSL5 levels are observed to be significantly different between these two cohorts. The results of the ROC curve show that the area under curve of INSL5 is 0.988, the critical value of the INSL5 level is 2.25 ng/ml, and the sensitivity and specificity thereof are 97.2% and 91.2% respectively. Thus, the present disclosure can efficiently distinguish EBV-negative normal people from NPC patients.

Provided is a novel anti-Glypican-1 antibody and a method for using the same. Provided is an anti-Glypican-1 antibody having an intracellular invasion activity which has never been observed in conventional anti-Glypican-1 antibodies. By taking advantage of the intracellular invasion activity of the antibody according to the present invention, the present invention is usable for various therapeutic purposes beyond the scope of the conventional assumption. Also provided is a composition for preventing or treating Glypican-1 positive cancer, said composition comprising a complex of a substance capable of binding to Glypican-1 (for example, an anti-Glypican-1 antibody) with a drug having a cytotoxic activity.