In one aspect, provided herein is a method comprising: (a) (i) determining cytolytic activity in a tumor from the subject; and/or (ii) determining genetic alterations associated with cytolytic activity in the tumor; and (b) administering an immunotherapeutic agent to the subject if (i) cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor and/or (ii) a genetic alteration associated with induction of cytolytic activity, tumor resistance to cytolytic activity and/or suppression of cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor.

Disclosed are compositions and methods to detect proteins associated with Head and Neck Cancer, generally, or more particularly, biomarkers of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). Such markers may be useful to allow individuals susceptible to HNSCC to manage their lifestyle and/or medical treatment to avoid further progression of disease.

Disclosed herein are monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognise and bind to a C-terminus of a peptide that is the C-terminus neo-epitope formed on cleavage of the N-terminal pro-peptide of the 1-chain of type XI collagen at A511, and immunoassay methods and kits using and containing the antibodies. The immunoassay methods may be used for detecting and/or monitoring and/or assessing the severity or prognosis of diseases, such as, but not limited to, cancer.

Provided are methods of assigning a LAG+, LAG, or PRO immunotype to a cancer patient based on the frequencies of LAG-3+CD8+T-cells, Ki67+CD8+T-cells, Tim-3+CD8+T-cells, and ICOS+CD8+T-cells in a peripheral blood sample from the patient, and selecting an anti-cancer therapy, for example, an immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, based on the patient's immunotype.

The present invention relates to methods for the in vitro diagnosis of esophageal cancer, and to compositions and methods for the prevention or the treatment of esophageal cancer. Disclosed are compositions that include an antibody binding to progastrin and disclosed are methods that include the use of an antibody binding to progastrin.

The present disclosure relates to a method to detect simultaneously mutations and methylation levels in a biological sample of a subject. In particular the present disclosure is directed to a method for diagnosing a central nervous system tumor such as a diffuse glioma, in a subject and comprises the steps ofdetermining at the same time the presence or absence of a mutation and methylation levels in one or more regions of interest.

Methods, systems, and computer-readable media for cancer susceptibility modelling and screening for a patient. The computer-readable medium includes executable instructions to perform a method for receiving input data associated with cancer and a patient, and determining a susceptibility model and a data enrichment rate based on the input data. The computer-readable medium also includes executable instructions for acquiring multi-domain patient data based on the susceptibility model and data enrichment rate, wherein the patient data comprises at least proteomic data. The computer-readable medium also includes executable instructions for generating cancer susceptibility data for the patient, and determining a cancer screening model for the patient based on the susceptibility data, using a machine learning approach. The computer-readable medium also includes executable instructions for screening the patient for cancer using the screening model, and iteratively refining the susceptibility model or the screening model based on one or more outcome metrics.

The present invention relates to methods for identifying, assessing, preventing, and treating cancer (e.g., head, neck, and/or lung cancers in humans). A variety of PD-L1 isoform biomarkers are provided, wherein alterations in the copy number of one or more of the biomarkers and/or alterations in the amount, structure, and/or activity of one or more of the biomarkers is associated with cancer status and indicates amenability to treatment or prevention by modulating PD-1 and/or PD-L1 levels.

The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine and specifically bind to an epitope comprising N-acetyl-galactosamine expressed by a cancer cell or an inflammatory cell. Further provided are methods for treating gastrointestinal diseases characterized by inflammatory cells in the intestines or colon in an individual by administering to the individual an antibody that specifically binds to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine and specifically binds to an epitope comprising N-acetyl-galactosamine.

A use of nitrogen-doped carbon fluorescent quantum dots in preparation of aerobic glycolysis detection products is provided. The carbon-nitrogen fluorescent quantum dots are selected from one or more of C.sub.3N.sub.4 quantum dots, C.sub.2N quantum dots, and C.sub.3N quantum dots. The aerobic glycolysis detection products are reagents, based on a final volume of the reagents, the reagents comprise the carbon-nitrogen fluorescent quantum dots with a final concentration of 1 ?g/mL-1 mg/mL. The present disclosure realizes fluorescent labeling of NAD.sup.+ in living cells using the carbon-nitrogen fluorescent quantum dots, thus achieving fluorescent labeling and imaging of cells having aerobic glycolysis, which has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, rapidity, and high accuracy. Meanwhile, the present disclosure is conducive to developing a series of technologies such as fluorescence identification of exfoliated tumor cells, very early warning of tumors, detection of tumor metastases, and assessment of tumor proliferation and malignancy.