The present invention provides diagnostic methods, therapeutic methods, and compositions for the treatment of cancer (e.g., a bladder cancer (e.g., UC, e.g., mUC), a kidney cancer, a lung cancer, a liver cancer, an ovarian cancer, a pancreatic cancer, a colorectal cancer, or a breast cancer). The invention is based, at least in part, on the discovery that expression levels of one or more biomarkers described herein in a sample from an individual having cancer can be used in methods of identifying an individual having a cancer who may benefit with an anti-cancer therapy that includes an immunotherapy (e.g., a PD-L1 axis binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L1 antibody (e.g., atezolizumab)) and a suppressive stromal antagonist (e.g., a TGF-β antagonist), methods for selecting a therapy for an individual having cancer, methods of treating an individual having cancer, methods for assessing a response or monitoring the response of an individual to treatment with an anti-cancer therapy that includes an immunotherapy (e.g., a PD-L1 axis binding antagonist such as an anti-PD-L1 antibody (e.g., atezolizumab)) and a suppressive stromal antagonist (e.g., a TGF-β antagonist), and related kits, anti-cancer therapies, and uses.

This disclosure is directed, in part, to a method of determining whether a subject having cancer is at risk for developing metastasis of the cancer. In one embodiment, the method comprises (a) obtaining a biological sample from the subject having cancer; (b) determining CCR5 expression level and/or expression level of at least one of CCR5 ligands in the biological sample; and (c) if the expression level of CCR5 and/or of at least one of CCR5 ligands determined in step (b) is increased compared to CCR5 expression level and/or expression level of at least one of CCR5 ligands in a control sample, then the subject is identified as likely at risk for developing metastasis of the cancer.

The present invention relates to an antibody specifically binding the carboxymethylated catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2Ac). Also provided are diagnostic uses of said antibody and screening methods employing the inventive antibody.

The present invention relates to methods and kits or articles of manufacture related thereto that may find use, inter alia, in assessing responsiveness of cancers to MUC16 antagonists by monitoring HE4 expression. In some embodiments, the methods include measuring the level of expression of HE4 in a sample from a subject; comparing the level of expression of HE4 in the sample with the level of expression of HE4 in a sample previously obtained from the subject; and, optionally, administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a MUC16 antagonist.

It provides antibodies and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that specifically bind to an epitope containing N-acetyl-glucosamine and/or N-acetyl-galactosamine, e.g., expressed by a cancer cell or an inflammatory cell. Also provided are compositions including these antibodies and/or CARs, as well as polynucleotides, vectors, host cells, methods, and kits related thereto. Further provided are methods and kits for treating or preventing cancer in an individual by administering to the individual an antibody that specifically binds to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosamine, or a T cell comprising a CAR that specifically binds to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosamine, optionally in combination with another anticancer agent.

The present invention relates generally to methods of accurately quantifying HER2 and/or p95 expression in subjects with a HER2 positive cancer and indicating the risk of brain relapse in such patients.

The invention provides a CCR1 antagonist, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof, for use in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, in particular a CCR1 antagonist, for example in combination with one or more further therapeutic agents effective as anti-tumour agents in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Such an anti-tumour agent may be a chemotherapeutic agent selected from Gemcitabine, Fluorouracil (5-FU), Capecitabine, FOLFIRINOX (Leucovorin Calcium, Fluorouracil, Irinotecan Hydrochloride and Oxaliplatin), Nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane®) and combinations thereof. An immuno-oncology agent (e.g. a PD-1 inhibitor and/or a PD-L1 inhibitor) may also favourably be used with the CCR1 antagonist.

An anti-VEGF single-domain antibody and a VHH chain thereof have been described. A coding sequence for coding the single-domain antibody or the VHH chain thereof, a corresponding expression vector, a host cell capable of expressing the single-domain antibody, and a production method for the single-domain antibody have been presented. The single-domain antibody can specifically recognize human VEGFA and will not cause cross reactions with VEGFB, VEGFC and VEGFD, thus having a good specificity. The single-domain antibody can further recognize VEGFAs of a human, a rat, a rabbit and a monkey, effectively blocks interactions between VEGFA and VEGFR2 and between VEGFA and VEGFR1, has an excellent inhibiting effect on angiogenesis, and has a good stability in a non-preparation condition.

The invention relates to the detection of EGYR peptide in a biological sample as a measure of the presence and/or amount of LARP1 protein in the sample. Suitably, the invention relates to methods for quantitative measurement of LARP1 and LARP1-derived EGYR peptide by chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The invention also relates to peptide standards and their use in quantitative mass spectrometric analyses. The ability to detect the amount of LARP1 in a biological sample has application in detecting and monitoring cancer.

Provided is an antibody or antigen binding fragment, capable of recognizing an antigen peptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 7 (KNKKIYDGG); or recognizing an epitope comprising SEQ ID NO: 7 in Claudin 18.2; preferably recognizing a peptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 6 (KNKKIYDGGART); or recognizing an epitope comprising the SEQ ID NO: 6 in the Claudin 18.2.