The present invention relates, in part, to certain cancer biomarkers and use thereof in methods for treating cancer, such as in evaluating and/or predicting patient responses to treatment with a CXCR4 inhibitor optionally in combination with a immunotherapeutic agent, in patients with a cancer such as melanoma, including resectable and unresectable melanoma. The present invention also provides a biomarker expression platform, which is a combination of a set of genes or biomarkers that are correlated with response to a CXCR4 inhibitor in a tumor as well as a normalization gene set. A method and system of using the biomarker expression platform to derive biomarker signatures of anti-tumor response and to test patient samples for predictive biomarker signatures are also disclosed.

Methods of treating, preventing and/or managing cancer as well as and diseases and disorder associated with, or characterized by, undesired angiogenesis are disclosed. Specific methods encompass the administration of an immunomodulatory compound alone or in combination with a second active ingredient. The invention further relates to methods of reducing or avoiding adverse side effects associated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, biological therapy or immunotherapy which comprise the administration of an immunomodulatory compound. Pharmaceutical compositions, single unit dosage forms, and kits suitable for use in methods of the invention are also disclosed.

The invention provides methods to identify, diagnose, and treat kidney cancer through the detection of expression and/or activity of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). The detection of the presence of a polypeptide with ALK kinase activity (e.g., by detecting expression and/or activity of the polypeptide), identify those kidney cancers that are likely to respond to an ALK-inhibiting therapeutic.

A method of identifying a population of PMN-MDSC-Like Cells (PM-LCs) distinguishable from myeloid derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs). A method for treating a cancer comprising identifying PM-LCs and/or administering an agent that alters neutrophil migration to reduce or inhibit tumor cell seeding, tumor metastasis, or metastatic niche formation in a subject. Compositions for use in diagnosing and treating cancer that comprise antagonists and/or inhibitors of genes and cellular process to alter PM-LC activity.

Provided herein, in some embodiments, are methods of using certain cereblon-associated proteins, such as Aiolos, Ikaros, interferon (IFN), and IFN pathway proteins, casein kinase 1, alpha 1 (CSNK1A1), and ZFP9, as biomarkers for use in predicting and monitoring clinical sensitivity and therapeutic response to certain compounds in patients having various diseases and disorders, such as cancers (e.g., diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), multiple myeloma (MM), myelodysplasia syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML)) and IFN-associated disorders. Also provided herein, in certain embodiments, are methods of determining the efficacy of an immunomodulatory compound.

The invention relates to a method for the diagnosis or prognosis of a cancer comprising (i) determining a level of expression of Myb-related transcription factor (MYPOP) or a part thereof in a patient sample; (ii) comparing the level of MYPOP expression of the patient sample to levels of a normal sample; (iii) correlating the level of MYPOP expression in the patient sample relative to the levels in the normal sample with a positive or negative diagnosis or prognosis of cancer.

The present invention provides for methods and compositions for treating cancer. Disclosed are novel tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Also disclosed are CAR T cells targeting tumor specific surface proteins. Also disclosed are shared expression programs specific to tumor cells.

The present disclosure provides methods to quantify VCP phosphorylation at specific amino acid residue to predict responsiveness of a subject having a cancer or tumor to a genotoxic treatment, guide treatment decisions, select subjects for clinical trials, and evaluate the clinical efficacy of certain therapeutic interventions.

The invention features methods, devices, and kits for predicting the responsiveness of a cancer patient (e.g., a breast cancer patient, such as a grade 1, 2, or 3 breast cancer patient) to anthracycline treatment by determining the expression levels of four chromosomal instability (CIN) genes including HDGF, KIAA0286, RFC4, and MSH6, collectively referred to as CIN4. Patients that have a low CIN4 score benefit from anthracycline treatment compared patients with a high CIN4 score.

Provided are a polypeptide and nucleic acid for encoding the polypeptide, a nucleic-acid construct, an expression vector, and a host cell containing the nucleic acid, an antigen-presenting cell presenting the polypeptide on the surface of the cell, and immune effector cell thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the polypeptide, a vaccine containing the nucleic acid, the nucleic acid construct, the expression vector, the host cell, the antigen-presenting cell, and the immune effector cell, and an antibody recognizing the polypeptide. Also provided is a therapeutic method using the polypeptide, the nucleic acid, the pharmaceutical composition, the vaccine, and the antibody. Also provided are a diagnosis method and diagnosis apparatus for detecting the described polypeptide. Also provided is an application of the polypeptide in preparing a vaccine, a tumor diagnosis kit, or a pharmaceutical composition, and an application of the polypeptide or the nucleic acid as a test target in tumor diagnosis.