Disclosed embodiments concern novel interleukin receptor associated kinases (IRAK) inhibitor compounds and compositions comprising such compounds. The compounds may have a structure according to Formula I

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Also disclosed are methods of making and using the compounds and compositions. The disclosed compounds and/or compositions may be used to treat or prevent an IRAK-associated disease or condition.

A system and method for using new biomarkers to assess individual diseases is provided. In one embodiment of the present invention, absolute quantification of annotated metabolites by mass spectrometry is used to identify certain biomarkers and derivatives thereof (i.e., signatures), which are then used to screen for, diagnose, predict, prognose, and treat various diseases, including, but not limited to, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and acute graft-versus-host disease.

Provided herein are methods of using BMP7 levels as a marker for the selection of patients, such as non-small cell lung cancer patients, who will clinically respond to combination therapy comprising a BMP7 inhibitor and an immune checkpoint therapy, such as an anti-PD1 therapy and/or an anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Also provided are methods of treating the selected patients with a combination of a BMP7 inhibitor and an immune checkpoint therapy.

The disclosure relates to a method for eliminating interference of theophylline in immunoassay and an immunodetection kit. The method for eliminating interference of theophylline in immunoassay includes: performing an immunoassay in the presence of a theophylline interference-resistant agent, the theophylline interference-resistant agent having a final concentration of 0.1 mg/mL-100 mg/mL, and being selected as at least one component from a group consisting of free 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, 8-azguanine, hypoxanthine, adenine, purine, 2,6,8-trioxypurine, adenine nucleotide, and adenosine. The method and the kit can effectively reduce interference of theophylline on immunoassay results.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

Provided herein is a method for treating a cancer in a subject by quantitating the concentration of a soluble form of Semaphorin 4D (sSema4D) in a blood sample obtained from the subject and administering an immunotherapy when the blood concentration of sSema4D is below a threshold value of 155 ng/ml. Also provided is a method for determining the continued susceptibility of a tumor tissue to immunotherapy in a subject by identifying the inflammatory subtype of the tumor tissue from a blood sample from the subject and administering immunotherapy over at least one interval as long as the tumor tissue exhibits an inflamed subtype.

Methods and formulations for diagnosing onocological disorders in humans using epimetabolic shifters, multidimensional intracellular molecules or environmental influencers are described.

The present invention is directed to therapeutic methods using IL-6 antagonists such as anti-IL-6 antibodies and fragments thereof having binding specificity for IL-6 to prevent or treat mucositis (e.g., oral mucositis) including persons on a treatment regimen with a drug or chemotherapy and/or radiation for cancer (e.g., head and neck cancer) that is associated with increased risk of mucositis, including oral mucositis.

The present invention relates to a method for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of cancer, such as early or late stage ovarian cancer, in a subject by detecting Bcl-2 in a biological sample from the subject, preferably a urine or blood sample. Bcl-2 may be measured using an agent that detects or binds to Bcl-2 protein or an agent that detects or binds to encoding nucleic acids, such as antibodies specifically reactive with Bcl-2 protein or a portion thereof. The invention further relates to kits for carrying out the methods of the invention. The invention further relates to a device for the rapid detection of Bcl-2 in a bodily fluid and methods for rapidly measuring Bcl-2 in a bodily fluid.

Disclosed herein are methods for treating a cancer and a method for sensitizing a cancer to a chemotherapeutic agent. Each method administers an agent that selectively inhibits HDAC1 and HDAC2 to a subject in need thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods for determining if a cancer is sensitive to an agent that selectively inhibits HDAC1 and HDAC2 and methods for monitoring the efficacy of a treatment for a cancer that includes administration of an agent that selectively inhibits HDAC1 and HDAC2.