Methods and compositions for identifying tumor antigens of human lymphocytes, and for identifying subjects for cancer therapy, are provided herein.

It is an object of the present invention to provide, for instance, a method for evaluating a function, such as transforming potential, of multiple different genes of interest, and a method capable of evaluating drug sensitivity of a subject having each gene of interest. The present invention relates to, for instance, a method for evaluating multiple different genes of interest, comprising the steps of: integrating, into host cell genomic DNA, polynucleotides each comprising a tag sequence and a gene of interest or a fragment thereof linked to the tag sequence; mixing a plurality of different host cells having the different polynucleotides integrated therein; culturing the mixed host cells; extracting the genomic DNA from the cultured host cells; quantifying each of the polynucleotides in the extracted genomic DNA based on the tag sequence; and determining a relative cell count of each of the host cells having the respective polynucleotides after the culturing, based on the quantified values for the polynucleotides.

In one aspect, methods of treating cancer are disclosed. A method described herein, in some embodiments, comprises quantifying ZEB1 expression in a cancerous cell population and administering silver nanoparticles to the cancerous population if the quantified ZEB1 expression meets or exceeds a ZEB1 expression threshold. In some embodiments, the quantified ZEB1 expression is compared to a ZEB1 expression threshold above which a cancerous cell population response to silver nanoparticles.

A method for detecting and typing rare tumor cells having high metabolic activity in a body fluid sample, comprising the following steps: incubating nucleated cells in a body fluid sample with a first metabolic marker and a second metabolic marker capable of producing fluorescence signals; detecting, by means of high-throughput imaging, uptake of all the fluorescence signals of the metabolic markers by cells, so as to determine the energy metabolism mode and intensity of the cells; and identifying and typing, according to the fluorescence signals of the metabolic marker combination, tumor cells having high metabolic activity in the body fluid sample. Further provided is a kit used for the detecting and typing method, comprising a microwell array chip, a first metabolic marker and a second metabolic marker capable of producing fluorescence signals, and fluorescence-labeled antibodies specific to leukocyte common antigen. The method and the kit identify and type energy metabolism modes of rare tumor cells in a body fluid sample based on fluorescence signal characteristics, and the operation is simple and fast, reducing the possibility of losing rare tumor cells.

The invention relates to methods of treating cancer using novel heterocyclic glutaminase inhibitor compounds conjointly with a PD1 or PD-L1 inhibitor.

Materials and methods for detecting NTRK rearrangements via affinity staining. Samples are stained with a biomarker-specific reagent (such as an antibody) that binds to a retained portion of TrkA, TrkB, and/or TrkC. The staining pattern is evaluated, and the presence of a Trk fusion is determined by detecting whether or not the sample has at least a threshold number of cells having a threshold staining intensity. In some cases, the same scoring methodology is applied regardless of the staining localization pattern. In other cases, a cytoplasmic and/or membranous localization is scored by a first methodology, whereas a nuclear localization is scored by a second methodology. The methods disclosed herein may be applied across non-endocrine solid tumor types.

A method for preparing an upconversion-luminescence flexible hybrid membrane for visual detection of tumor markers is provided. Metal ion doped black phosphorus quantum dots (M-BPQDs) are prepared by adopting ultrasonic and solvothermal processes; mesoporous SiO.sub.2 grows on the surfaces of the M-BPQDs and amination modification is performed; the M-BPQDs are connected with carboxylated single-stranded DNA1; receptor molecules enter pores; single-stranded DNA2 aptamers and the DNA1 are combined due to base complementation to encapsulate receptors in the pores; and an M-BPQDs probe is prepared. DNA1 terminal-SH and a composite membrane are formed by assembling polymethyl methacrylate-polyimide-gold nanoparticles in a layer-by-layer manner bound by Au—S bonds, and the membrane and the probe are connected to construct the flexible hybrid membrane. The new flexible hybrid membrane is simple and inexpensive to prepare and is highly sensitive.

A method of identifying a subject having cancer who is likely to be responsive to a treatment compound, comprising administering the treatment compound to the subject having the cancer; obtaining a sample from the subject; determining the level of a biomarker in the sample from the subject; and diagnosing the subject as being likely to be responsive to the treatment compound if the level of the biomarker in the sample of the subject changes as compared to a reference level of the biomarker; wherein the treatment compound is Compound 1, Compound 2, or Compound 3.

The present disclosure relates to methods of determining a treatment course of action. In particular, the present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for determining responsiveness to estrogen and estrogen blocking therapies for cancer.

Disclosed are a kit and use thereof. The kit includes a first polyclonal antibody that has been immobilized or suitable for immobilization on a solid carrier, a second polyclonal antibody labeled with a marker. Both the first polyclonal antibody and the second polyclonal antibody are both chicken anti human-thymidine kinase IgY-polyclonal antibodies. Both the first polyclonal antibody and the second polyclonal antibody are suitable for specifically binding to thymidine kinase 1. The kit is suitable for the risk assessment of micro malignant tumors/precancerous diseases and tumors that are not detectable by human population screening images.