Methods for histochemical and cytochemical detection of oncogenic rearrangements of genes that result in expression of a fusion protein; materials, kits, and systems useful in such methods; and products resulting from performance of such methods are disclosed herein. At least two protein binding entities are provided: one targeting a portion of a wild-type protein that is retained in a fusion protein and a one targeting a portion of the wild type protein that is lost during the rearrangement that forms the fusion protein. A sample of a tissue suspected of harboring the fusion protein is stained with each of the two entities (either in simplex format or multiplex format), and the staining pattern resulting from binding of the entities is compared to determine the presence or absence of the fusion protein.

Described herein are compositions that inhibit/degrade STAT3, and methods of using such compositions for chemoprevention of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

This invention provides a stool specimen test device comprising: a suction port of a sample comprising a stool suspension; a sampling verification section that detect a specimen without the collected stool sample based on the absorbance of the stool suspension measured at the first wavelength; and a sample measurement section that performs measurement based on the absorbance measured at the second wavelength. This invention can improve the test accuracy by detecting a specimen without the collected stool sample in the stool specimen test.

A method for diagnosing CDH17 positive tumor cells and cancer in a subject is disclosed, including but not limited to, the steps of obtaining a sample from the subject; contacting the sample with a capturing antibody to provide a captured sample; contacting the captured sample with a detecting antibody or lipid nanoprobe (LNP) to provide a detecting sample; determining the amount of the detecting antibody or LNP in the detecting sample; and based on the amount of the detecting antibody or LNP, determining the probability of a subject possessing a tumor.

An anti-PD-L1 antibody, or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising: a heavy chain variable region comprising the three CDRs with the sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 2-4, 6-8, 10-12, 14-16, or 18-20; and/or a light chain variable region comprising the three CDRs with the sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 22-24, 26-28, 30-32, 34-36, or 38-40, wherein the antibody is a chimeric, humanized, composite, or human antibody.

Provided is a method for detecting a biomarker indicating states of a target biological system based on data acquired by measuring the target biological system. The method includes the steps of: preparing a reference dataset based on data acquired from one or more reference biological systems; generating a target dataset by adding, to the reference dataset, target biological data acquired from the target biological system; acquiring first correlation coefficients between a plurality of factor items in the reference dataset; acquiring second correlation coefficients between the plurality of factor items in the target dataset; acquiring difference correlation coefficients that are differences between the first correlation coefficients and the second correlation coefficients; acquiring indexes respectively for the plurality of factor items based on the difference correlation coefficients; and selecting the biomarker based on the indexes.

A method of identifying a subject having cancer who is likely to be responsive to a treatment compound, comprising administering the treatment compound to the subject having the cancer; obtaining a sample from the subject; determining the level of a biomarker in the sample from the subject; and diagnosing the subject as being likely to be responsive to the treatment compound if the level of the biomarker in the sample of the subject changes as compared to a reference level of the biomarker; wherein the treatment compound is Compound 1, Compound 2, or Compound 3.

A method of identifying a subject having a hematological cancer who is likely to be responsive to a treatment compound, comprising administering the treatment compound to the subject having the hematological cancer; obtaining a sample from the subject; determining the level of a biomarker in the sample from the subject; and diagnosing the subject as being likely to be responsive to the treatment compound if the level of the biomarker in the sample of the subject changes as compared to a reference level of the biomarker; wherein the treatment compound is Compound 1, Compound 2, or Compound 3.

This document provides methods and materials involved in identifying and treating mammals with lichen planus (LP) as having (a) an increased likelihood of developing malignancy, or (b) an increased likelihood of experiencing a benign course of the disease. For example, this document provides methods and materials involved in identifying and treating mammals with oral LP that are likely to proceed to a malignancy such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), or are likely to follow a benign course of the disease.

Personalized medicine involves the use of a patient's molecular markers to guide treatment regimens for the patient. The scientific literature provides multiple examples of correlations between drug treatment efficacy and the presence or absence of molecular markers in a patient sample. Methods are provided herein that permit efficient dissemination of scientific findings regarding treatment efficacy and molecular markers found in patient tumors to health care providers.