The present disclosure provides an achromatic colorimetric nanosensor, by using a mixture of nanoparticles with complementary colors. The color changes from an achromatic color to a chromatic color enables more clear color-transition and, thus, allows immediate analysis of the presence of a target analyte. Further, the present disclosure provides achromatic colorimetric nanosensor for detection of multiple analytes using plural nanoparticles via color changes from an achromatic to multiple chromatic colors.

Analytical nanostrips for clinical analysis are improved by using multifunctional coding (multicoding) to allow simultaneous identification of the particular assay, the value of the assayed analyte, and a calibration of the analyte. The multicoding layout on the nanostrip minimizes the number of zones that are required for a given assay. Moreover, the nanostrip can be scanned in real time during flow of the nanostrip through a detection beam. This both simplifies the assay and allows for alternative means of coding.

The present disclosure relates to a complex for detecting a target material comprising upconverting nanoparticles; and at least one target material specific aptamer-quencher, connected through a linker with the upconverting nanoparticles, a method of preparing the same, a kit for detecting a target material comprising the same, and a method of detecting a target material using the same.

According to the present disclosure, different target materials in samples can be quantified or detected accurately based on luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) of the upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) excited by a near infrared (NIR) light source.

Provided are an immunochromatography kit that is highly sensitive and capable of multicoloration, and organic colored microparticles that are ideal as an element of the immunochromatography kit. Organic colored microparticles having an average grain size between 10 and 1,000 nm and a color intensity between 1.0 and 5.0 are prepared using cellulose as the starting material. When the organic colored microparticles are used as a label in an immunochromatography kit, the immunochromatography kit is of a high sensitivity than conventional technology. The immunochromatography kit is also capable of multicoloration and is useful for rapid diagnosis.

The present invention discloses a method for separating nanoparticles with a controlled number of active groups is disclosed. First, a plurality of nanoparticles are provided, wherein the surface of the nanoparticle comprises a plurality of first active groups. Next, a plurality of functional ligands are provided, wherein the functional ligand comprises at least one second active group and at least one third active group. Then, a binding process is performed to bind the nanoparticle with the functional ligand, wherein the first active group connects with the second active group. After the binding process, a converting process and a separation process are performed to isolate a plurality of nanoparticles with a controlled number of the fifth active groups. The controlled number is integers from 0 to 10.

The invention relates to water-soluble nanoparticles and methods for making such nanoparticles. Specifically, the invention relates to dendrimerization to enhance the solubility of nanoparticles.

Disclosed are a conjugate of a metal nanoparticle including a magnetic core and at least one light emitting material linked to the metal nanoparticle through a linker, wherein the linker has an affinity for a biological material and has changed structure after contacting a biological material, a biosensor including the conjugate, and a method of measuring a concentration of specific biological material in a biological sample using the conjugate or the biosensor.

Disclosed herein are stable and versatile protein nanoparticles having a range of tunable fluorescent properties. Such nanoparticles may find utility in biological imaging. Methods of synthesis of such nanoparticles are also disclosed.

Nanoparticles comprising surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) reporter molecules of the formula A-Y and methods of their use are disclosed, wherein A is: ##STR00001##
wherein X.sub.1 is CR.sub.4 or N; and Y is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR00002##

The present disclosure provides encoded chromophoric polymer particles that are capable of, for example, optical and/or biomolecular encoding of analytes. The present disclosure also provides suspensions comprising a plurality of encoded chromophoric polymer particles. The present disclosure also provides methods of using the encoded chromophoric polymer particles and systems for performing multiplex analysis with encoded chromophoric polymer particles.