A method for determining whether a subject has a disease or condition or is at risk of developing a disease or condition is disclosed. A method for determining whether a subject is at risk of developing an infectious disease or a complication thereof is also disclosed.

A method to predict a propensity of an individual to develop atopic dermatitis is disclosed. The method, which involves use of biological markers, can also be used to evaluate the efficacy of a composition to treat atopic dermatitis.

Disclosed herein are methods of analyzing a biological sample comprising: separating components of the biological sample via reversed-phase (RP) chromatography to obtain an elute; subjecting the elute to separation via ion-exchange (IEX) chromatography or mixed-mode IEX chromatography; and detecting the separated compounds to determine the components of the biological sample. Also disclosed are devices comprising a reversed-phase (RP) chromatography column in communication with an ion-exchange (IEX) chromatography column or mixed-mode IEX chromatography column, wherein there is no switching valve between the columns.

A system and method for using new biomarkers to assess individual diseases is provided. In one embodiment of the present invention, absolute quantification of annotated metabolites by mass spectrometry is used to identify certain biomarkers and derivatives thereof (i.e., signatures), which are then used to screen for, diagnose, predict, prognose, and treat various diseases, including, but not limited to, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and acute graft-versus-host disease.

This document provides methods and materials involved in assessing mammals (e.g., humans) for arthritis. For example, methods and materials for assessing a mammal's gut microbial diversity to identify the mammal as having arthritis (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) are provided. This document also provides methods and materials involved in treating arthritis.

The present invention relates to identification of a carbohydrate drug-sensitive patient in patients having Alzheimer's disease. The present invention provides a method for identifying a carbohydrate drug-sensitive patient in patients having Alzheimer's disease.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques for calibrating a system comprising integrated device. According to some embodiments, there is provided a method for calibrating a system comprising an integrated device, the method comprising: exciting, with light from at least one excitation source, a reference dye molecule disposed in a chamber of the integrated device; obtaining a signal emitted by the reference dye molecule, the signal containing information representative of a bleaching time of the reference dye molecule; and adjusting one or more characteristics of the system based on the bleaching time of the reference dye molecule.

A system and method for using new biomarkers to assess individual diseases is provided. In one embodiment of the present invention, absolute quantification of annotated metabolites by mass spectrometry is used to identify certain biomarkers and derivatives thereof (i.e., signatures), which are then used to screen for, diagnose, predict, prognose, and treat various diseases, including, but not limited to, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and acute graft-versus-host disease.

Methods of analyzing a biological sample obtained from the feline subject for the presence of two copies of major allele G of SNP A1_212891692 and/or to the concentration of betaine and/or 2-oxoarginine in the sample are disclosed. The methods are used in methods to identify a feline subject that would benefit from a treatment that reduces risk of calcium oxalate stone formation and in methods of treating a feline subject to reduce risk of calcium oxalate stone formation The treatment on comprises administering to the feline subject a composition that comprises an effective amount of one or more of ingredients selected from the group consisting of betaine, green tea, fenugreek and tulsi. Feline food composition that comprise effective amounts of betaine, green tea, fenugreek and tulsi are disclosed.

A system and method for using new biomarkers to assess individual diseases is provided. In one embodiment of the present invention, absolute quantification of annotated metabolites by mass spectrometry is used to identify certain biomarkers and derivatives thereof (i.e., signatures), which are then used to screen for, diagnose, predict, prognose, and treat various diseases, including, but not limited to, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and acute graft-versus-host disease.