Disclosed herein is an engineered eukaryotic cell which expresses a heterologous G protein coupled receptor (GPCR), wherein native Ste2 and/or Ste3 have been replaced with a heterologous GPCR: and further wherein native G alpha protein (Gpa1) has been replaced with a gene encoding a chimeric Gpa1. The GPCR disclosed herein can be a cannabinoid receptor. such as human cannabinoid receptor type I (CB1R). Also disclosed are methods of making the engineered eukaryotic cell. and methods of using the engineered eukaryotic cell. Also encompassed by this invention are biosensors comprising CB1R and CB2R. and methods of using them.

The disclosure provides compositions and methods for labeling a protein with a glycan by a glycan transferase by using a proximity inducing ligand.

The present invention generally relates to bacterial polypeptide display systems, libraries using these bacterial display systems, and methods of making and using these systems, including methods for improved display of polypeptides on the extracellular surface of bacteria using circularly permuted transmembrane bacterial polypeptides that have been modified to increase resistance to protease degradation and to enhance polypeptide display characteristics.

This disclosure relates to a method of generating conditionally active biologic proteins from wild type proteins, in particular therapeutic proteins, which are reversibly or irreversibly inactivated at the wild type normal physiological conditions. For example, evolved proteins are virtually inactive at body temperature, but are active at lower temperatures.

The invention provides arrays of compound for use in profiling samples. The arrays include compounds bind to components of the samples at relatively low affinities. The avidity of compounds binding to components of the samples can be increased by forming arrays such that multivalent components of the samples (e.g., antibodies or cells) can bind to more than one molecule of a compound at the same time. When a sample is applied to an array under such conditions, the compounds of the array bind to component(s) of the sample with significantly different avidities generating a profile characteristic of the sample.

The present invention provides kits and assay methods for the early detection of pathogens, precise identification of the etiologic agent, and improved disease surveillance. More specifically, the present invention discloses an immunoassay leading to the rapid and simultaneous detection of antibodies to a wide range of infectious pathogens in biological fluids of infected patients. This immunoassay involves the covalent and oriented coupling of fusion proteins comprising an AGT enzyme and a viral antigen on an identifiable solid support (e.g. fluorescent microspheres), said support being previously coated with an AGT substrate. This coupling is mediated by the irreversible reaction of the AGT enzyme on its substrate. The thus obtained antigen-coupled microspheres show enhanced capture of specific antibodies as compared to antigen-coupled microspheres produced by standard amine coupling procedures. The methods of the invention possess the ability to multiplex, minimize the amount of biological sample, and have enhanced sensitivity and specificity toward target antibodies as compared with classical ELISA or Radio-Immunoprecipitation assays.

The present disclosure provides methods and compositions for the production of chimeric antibodies that specifically bind an antigen of interest.

The present invention relates to a method for the production of a library comprising recombinant derivatives of the SH3 domain of the Fyn kinase of SEQ ID NO: 1 as well as a method for selecting from a library comprising recombinant derivatives of the SH3 domain of the Fyn kinase of SEQ ID NO: 1 one or more of said derivatives having a specific binding affinity to a protein or peptide.

A method of analyzing protein-protein interactions includes binding the first proteins to the substrate where the first proteins are tagged with the first markers which bind specifically to the biomolecules immobilized on the substrate or the first proteins bind specifically to the biomolecules immobilized on the substrate; incubating the substrate bound first proteins with cell lysate containing the second proteins which are tagged with second markers; analyzing the interactions between the first proteins and the second proteins in the cell lysate, and obtaining the first analytic value representing the kinetic picture of the interactions; incubating the substrate bound first proteins with cell lysate mixture of a cell lysate consisting of the second markers-tagged second proteins and another cell lysate comprising other proteins including unlabelled second proteins and obtaining the second analytic value; comparing and analyzing the first and the second analytic values.

Object of the present invention is to develop an artificial synthesis system of various peptides having an azole derivative structure and develop a library of such peptides. The present invention provides a method of producing a peptide having, in the backbone thereof, an azole derivative structure comprising the step of: synthesizing a substrate peptide of an azoline structure introducing enzyme having, in the modified region thereof, at least any one of the following amino acids, ##STR00001##
[in any of the compounds, X.sub.1 represents a group selected from the group consisting of SH, OH, NH.sub.2, SR.sup.1, OR.sup.1, NHR.sup.1, and N.sub.3 (R.sup.1 represents a protecting group), X.sub.2 represents an easily eliminable group; and X.sub.3 represents hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms]; reacting the substrate peptide with an azoline structure introducing enzyme to obtain a peptide having an azoline derivative structure; and converting the azoline derivative structure of the resulting peptide into an azole derivative structure by inducing an HX.sub.2 elimination reaction of X.sub.2 group.