The present invention relates to a method for the absolute quantification of one or more MHC molecules in a test sample comprising at least one cell, the method comprising at least the steps of: homogenizing the sample, adding an internal standard to the sample, digesting the homogenized sample with a protease, before or after addition of the internal standard, purifying the sample obtained by the digestion, subjecting the digested sample to a step of chromatography and/or spectrometry analysis, and quantifying the one or more MHC molecules in the test sample Also, the invention relates to method of determining the cell count in a sample. (FIG. 1).

The present disclosure provides a group of diagnostic biomarkers usable for diagnosis of colorectal cancer or colorectal adenoma. A method for detecting colorectal cancer or colorectal adenoma using the group of diagnostic biomarkers is also provided. For example, the method provided by the present disclosure is a non-invasive approach that may utilize serum samples for detecting colorectal cancer. Moreover, the method for detecting colorectal cancer may detect colorectal cancer of different stages (e.g., pre-cancer stage, early stage, middle stage, late stage).

The present invention relates to methods for detecting and/or measuring alanine transaminase (ALT) activity, aspartate transaminase (AST) activity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, glucose levels, creatinine levels, urea levels, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, and/or symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) levels in a sample. The method allows all of the activities and analytes, or any combination of activities and analytes, to be measured in a single assay.

Described herein are compositions and methods for normalizing the variability of inter-sample analyte measurements from a biological matrix. In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to methods for normalizing the levels of one or more proteins from urine as measured by an aptamer based assay.

A system, method, diagnostic and container delivery system for manipulating a target, by manipulating with the quantum coherence of the target. The method includes identifying intrinsic parameters of the target and determining target-tuned design factors based at least partially on the intrinsic parameters. Target-tuned electrons and respective associate fields are generated based in part on the target-tuned design factor. The target-tuned electrons are transformed the from an unquantized state into target-tuned artificial atoms with quantized energy levels. The method may include preparing a container to carry the unquantized target-tuned electrons, the container being composed of superconductor quantum dots. The unquantized target-tuned electrons are transferred to the container to form the target-tuned artificial atoms having quantized target-tuned electrons, which may be delivered to the target as a manipulating agent. Alternatively, the unquantized target-tuned electrons may be delivered directly to the subject.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

Methods for peptide and/or protein quantification by mass spectrometry using labeled peptides, wherein multiple labels lead to distinct fragments for the labeled peptides and their unlabeled variant, thus facilitating data analysis and enhancing the potential for quantification. Methods for selecting the label and label position are further given, as well as sets of labeled peptides resulting from or for use in the above-mentioned methods. The methods and substances are especially useful for data-independent or multiplexed parallel reaction monitoring proteomics applications involving peptide quantification.