A method of enhancing a mass spectral signal is disclosed. The method can include contacting a sample to a separation column under conditions that permit sample components to bind to the substrate; applying a first mobile gradient to the separation column, wherein the first mobile phase gradient comprises trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and a small molecule additive (e.g., an amino acid) or formic acid (FA) and a small molecule additive (e.g., an amino acid); applying a second mobile gradient to the separation column, wherein the second mobile phase gradient comprises TFA in acetonitrile (ACN) and a small molecule additive (e.g., an amino acid) or formic acid (FA) in ACN and a small molecule additive (e.g., an amino acid); and performing mass spectrometric analysis on eluted sample components.

Disclosed are methods for improving compound detection and characterization. Methods for characterizing a sample are disclosed. The methods can include providing a sample to a liquid chromatography system capable of sample separation to generate sample components; analyzing sample components by multiplexed targeted selected ion monitoring (SIM) to generate an inclusion list; and performing iterative mass spectral data-dependent acquisition (DDA) from the inclusion list, to identify individual sample components thereby characterizing the sample. In one example, multiplexed targeted SIMs and iterative MS2 DDA acquisition is used to increase robust compound identification for cell culture medium analysis.

Synthesis of a sulfoxide-containing homobifunctional cysteine-reactive mass spectrometry-cleavable cross-linker for mapping intra-protein interactions in a protein and inter-protein interactions in a protein complex is provided. Methods for mapping intra-protein interactions in a protein and inter-protein interactions in a protein complex and cross-linking mass spectrometry for identifying one or more cross-linked peptides using the cross-linker are provided.

Systems, architectures, devices, and methods for matching experimentally acquired mass spectrometry data with a peptide database are provided. The system architecture can include a host central processing unit (CPU) system, a bridge connecting the CPU system with a core control register (or registers), a plurality of processing elements (PEs), and a bus arbiter. The PEs can execute the computations in a parallel and asynchronous manner. The bus arbiter can be a first-come first-serve (FCFS)-based bus arbiter (i.e., can utilize an FCFS-based arbitration scheme).

The present application provides methods and systems to identify host cell protein (HCP) impurities in a sample containing high-abundance proteins. The HCP impurities can be enriched using interacting peptide ligands which have been attached to solid support. The HCP impurities can be eluted from the solid support using solution containing phase transfer surfactants. The isolated HCP impurities can be digested to generate components of the isolated HCP impurities which can subsequently be identified using a mass spectrometer.

The present invention relates to a method for the detection of mycotoxins and their phase I and phase II metabolites in broiler chickens and pigs, the method comprising: collecting the blood of broiler chickens and pigs as a dried blood sample; preparing the dried blood sample for analysis; analyzing the prepared dried blood sample by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Such method can advantageously be used for the assessment of the exposure of pigs or broiler chickens to feed contaminated with mycotoxins. Also, such method can be used for assessing the impact of the addition of mycotoxin detoxifying agents to animal feed.

Early detection of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) including Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (MPS I) and Pompe Disease can greatly improve patient outcome as each disease can be fatal once symptoms emerge. Screening for MPS I and Pompe Disease using biological samples including dried blood spots (DBS), buccal swab, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), or white blood cells (WBCs) is described. The disclosed methods and assays provide a robust way to screen newborns for LSDs. The disclosed methods and assays can also allow rapid prediction of whether a patient with LSD will develop an immune response to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), thus improving treatment for patients with LSDs. The disclosed methods and assays can also further reduce the number of false positives caused by pseudo deficiency cases of LSD, such as MPS I and Pompe Disease.

An analytical toilet is disclosed. The analytical toilet includes a bowl adapted to receive excreta and a sensor comprising a component functionalized to interact with an analyte, such as a biomarker. The analytical toilet presents a sample extracted from urine or feces to the component and the component creates an electronic signal indicating whether or not the analyte is present in the sample.

Methods for detecting and determining the level of complement proteins are disclosed, in particular using mass spectrometry. Also disclosed are methods of identifying subjects having or at risk of developing a complement-related disorder, and methods of treating the same.

The present disclosure provides a biomarker for detecting colorectal cancer and a use thereof. A metabolomics method is used to analyze metabolites with significant differences in urine of patients with colorectal cancer and normal people, such that a series of biomarkers capable of early predicting an occurrence risk of colorectal cancer are screened out, a group of biomarkers are further screened to construct a diagnostic model for colorectal cancer, and the model can be used for conveniently, non-invasively and effectively predicting whether an individual suffers from colorectal cancer, and meets clinical needs.