Molecules, including antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof that specifically bind to a linker peptide, and methods of producing and using the described antibodies and antigen-binding fragments are presented herein. Also presented herein methods of generating antibodies that specifically bind to an immunorecessive epitope.

The present invention relates to methods for efficiently generating recombinant monoclonal antibodies derived from B cells of a non-human host which has been immunochallenged with one or more target antigens. The methods comprise the steps of identifying and isolating B cell that bind to the antigen by FACS, and recombining and enriching for thousands of cells to create a B cell library. Related products and methods, such as methods of producing expression libraries, are also disclosed.

A method is provided for increasing the sensitivity of the complement-dependent cellular cytoxicity analysis that establishes whether a potential transplant recipient patient expresses donor organ-reactive antibodies that would reduce or prevent acceptance of the donor organ by a recipient. At least one gene encoding a complement inhibitor is inactivated in cells derived from a candidate transplant organ. Such modified cells, because they no longer produce at least one complement inhibitor, when placed in a serum sample from a potential transplant recipient, do not reduce the effective activity of serum complement. A lower level of recipient patient serum antibodies becomes effective in inducing detectable lysis of the donor cells.

Disclosed is a method for measuring an Aβ peptide in a blood sample in vitro, comprising: measuring the Aβ peptide by an immunoassay using an antibody set comprising a capture antibody and a detection antibody that specifically bind to the Aβ peptide, wherein the capture antibody is an antibody that binds to an epitope comprising an N-terminal residue of the Aβ peptide, the detection antibody is an antibody that binds to an epitope different from the epitope to which the capture antibody binds, and the Aβ peptide is at least one selected from the group consisting of Aβ40 or Aβ42.

This document relates to methods for identifying one or more immunoglobulin free light chains in a sample using mass spectrometry. For example, this document relates to a method for identifying one or more immunoglobulin free light chains in a sample that includes (a) providing a sample; (b) subjecting the sample to a mass spectrometry technique to obtain a mass spectrum of the sample; and (c) identifying the presence of the one or more immunoglobulin free light chains.

The present invention relates to antigen-binding molecules binding to CD3 and CD137 (4-1BB); compositions comprising the antigen-binding molecule; and methods of using the same. The present invention provides antigen-binding molecules comprising: an antibody variable region that is capable of binding to CD3 and CD137 (4-1BB), but does not bind to CD3 and CD137 at the same time; and a variable region binding to a third antigen different from CD3 and CD137. Such antigen binding molecules exhibit enhanced T-cell dependent cytotoxity activity induced by these antigen-binding molecules through binding to the three different antigens.

Liquid chromatography-free methods for quantitating a target protein in a sample are provided. One embodiment provides a liquid chromatography-free method for quantifying target antibodies in a sample including the steps of spiking the sample with a labeled internal standard antibody, digesting the antibodies in the sample to produce peptides, fractionating the peptides; and quantifying the target antibodies using a direct infusion MS.sup.2 system containing one or more ion traps and two or more quadrupole mass filters and an electrospray ionizer, wherein the method is liquid chromatography-free

This invention provides, and in certain specific but non-limiting aspects relates to: assays that can be used to predict whether a given ISV will be subject to protein interference and/or give rise to an (aspecific) signal in such an assay (such as in an ADA immunoassay; methods for modifying and/or improving ISV's to as to remove or reduce their tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal; modifications that can be introduced into an ISV that remove or reduce its tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal; ISV's that have been specifically selected (for example, using the assay(s) described herein) to have no or low(er)/reduced tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal; modified and/or improved ISV's that have no or a low(er)/reduced tendency to give rise to such protein interference or such a signal.

Binding members, e.g. human antibody molecules, which bind interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neutralise its biological effects. Use of binding members for IL-6 in medical treatment e.g. for treating inflammatory diseases and tumours associated with IL-6.

Lanthanide chelate lipid nanoparticles, and methods of their synthesis and use are described. Biological molecules labeled with the lipid nanoparticles, useful in bioaffinity assays with improved sensitivities are also described.