The invention provides methods and kits for qualitatively and/or quantitatively analyzing activation and other properties of activatable antibody therapeutic in biological samples, including tissues and/or biofluid samples. The invention also relates to methods of using a capillary-based immunoassay platform to qualitatively and/or quantitatively analyze levels of activation in biological samples, including tissues and/or biofluid samples.

The invention provides a method for the immunological determination of an antibody against a drug antibody in a sample using a double antigen bridging immunoassay comprising a capture drug antibody and a tracer drug antibody, characterized in that the capture drug antibody is a mixture of said drug antibody conjugated to the solid phase at at least two different antibody sites and the tracer drug antibody is a mixture of said drug antibody conjugated to the detectable label at at least two different antibody sites.

The present disclosure relates to a method of diagnosing Lyme disease in a subject comprising measuring the level of B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan or the level of an antibody that specifically binds to B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan (anti-peptidoglycan agent). The present disclosure also relates to a method of treating a Lyme disease in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an antagonist against B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan (e.g., an anti-peptidoglycan antibody or a peptidoglycan-specific hydrolase). Antagonists (e.g., anti-peptidoglycan antibodies) suitable for the present methods are also disclosed.

Use of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-derived anti-Vimentin IgG antibody as a marker in diagnosis of Vimentin antibody-associated Astrocytopathy (VIMA) is provided, belonging to the technical field of biomedicine. It is proposed for the first time that the CSF-derived anti-Vimentin IgG can be used as the marker for diagnosing the VIMA and for preparing a product for diagnosing the VIMA. Use of a reagent for detecting a CSF-derived anti-Vimentin IgG in preparation of a product for diagnosing VIMA is provided for the first time. The anti-Vimentin IgG as the marker of the VIMA has a clinical sensitivity of 100% and a clinical specificity of 99% for diagnosing the VIMA.

Methods and reagents for multiplex detection of antibodies are disclosed. In particular, the invention relates to multiplex detection of antibodies using antigen-DNA and antibody-binding agent-DNA conjugates carrying DNA barcodes for identifying and quantitating disease-relevant antibody isotypes, such as those involved in allergic responses, autoimmune diseases, infections, and inflammation.

The present invention provides antibodies and fragments thereof that specifically detect the complex of a specific cognate antigen-binding moiety, in particular antibodies, and its antigen. The antibodies of the present disclosure do not bind either said cognate antigen binding moiety or said antigen alone and this can be used e.g. to directly detect antigen-bound antigen-binding moieties. Further disclosed are methods for production and use of said antibodies and antibody fragments.

This document relates to methods and materials involved in identifying and/or treating mammals having membranous nephropathy (e.g., membranous nephropathy with an elevated level of a Semaphorin 3B polypeptide in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM)). For example, methods and materials for administering one or more immunosuppressive agents (e.g., corticosteroids, cyclosporine, or a B-cell reduction or depletion agent such as Rituximab) to treat a mammal (e.g., a human) having membranous nephropathy are provided.