The present disclosure relates to a method of diagnosing Lyme disease in a subject comprising measuring the level of B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan or the level of an antibody that specifically binds to B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan (“anti-peptidoglycan agent”). The present disclosure also relates to a method of treating a Lyme disease in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an antagonist against B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan (e.g., an anti-peptidoglycan antibody or a peptidoglycan-specific hydrolase). Antagonists (e.g., anti-peptidoglycan antibodies) suitable for the present methods are also disclosed.

The present disclosure provides methods for assaying antibodies and related compositions, systems, and kits. More specifically, the disclosure relates to double-multiplex assays that detect multiple immunoglobulin isotypes against multiple different antigens simultaneously. The double-multiplex assay may be conducted using a single test sample.

Methods and products for diagnosing, treating and/or delaying onset of chronic allograft rejection, including cardiac allograft vasculopathy. In an exemplary embodiment of a noninvasive method of screening a cardiac allograft recipient for being at-risk for developing cardiac allograft vasculopathy of the present disclosure, the method comprises the steps of withdrawing at least one biological sample from a cardiac allograft recipient; and analyzing the at least one biological sample for one or more biomarkers indicative of the presence of fibrin deposits within the cardiac allograft microvasculature; wherein detection of the one or more biomarkers indicates that the cardiac allograft recipient is at-risk for or developing cardiac allograft vasculopathy.

The invention proposes a testing device and method for detecting infection with or immunity to SARS-Cov-2 of a subject, the method comprising the following steps: (i) contacting a urine sample from the subject with an application area of a testing device comprising a urine sorption material defining a sequence of said application area, a conjugate area and a testing area, the areas being in direct or indirect capillary flow communication with each other, (ii) allowing the urine sample to flow by capillarity from said application area to said conjugate area, said conjugate area comprising a testing conjugate movably held therein, wherein said testing conjugate comprises or consists of a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence that shares sequence identity of at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, with a SARS-CoV-2 protein or fragment thereof, coupled to a first colored marker, (iii) allowing the urine sample to continue to flow by capillarity to the testing area, said testing area comprising a testing sub-area with immobilized anti-human IgA antibodies, and (iv) determining infection with or immunity SARS-CoV-2 of the subject by visually inspecting the testing sub-area of the testing area for a color build-up, wherein the presence of a color build-up is indicative of said infection with or immunity to SARS-CoV-2.

Provided are anti-idiotype antibodies that specifically recognize anti-ROR1 antibody moieties, in particular, anti-ROR1 antibody moieties present in recombinant receptors, including chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). The disclosure further relates to uses of anti-idiotype antibodies for specifically identifying and/or selecting cells expressing such recombinant receptors, such as anti-ROR1 CAR T cells. The disclosure further relates to uses of anti-idiotype antibodies for specifically blocking or activating such cells.

Methods and reagents for multiplex detection of antibodies are disclosed. In particular, the invention relates to multiplex detection of antibodies using antigen-DNA and antibody-binding agent-DNA conjugates carrying DNA barcodes for identifying and quantitating disease-relevant antibody isotypes, such as those involved in allergic responses, autoimmune diseases, infections, and inflammation.

Isolated antigen binding molecules that specifically bind to an anti-CD19 scFv comprising SEQ ID NO: 1 are provided. The antigen binding molecules can be used in the methods provided herein.

Provided are methods for determining the presence or absence of donor specific antibodies in a biological sample. The methods include mixing a cellular sample from a donor with a biological sample from a recipient under conditions sufficient for recipient immune antibodies, if present, to bind to donor cell surface antigen (Ag) to form an immune antibody-Ag complex, contacting the mixture with beads comprising an antibody that specifically binds the immune antibody-Ag complex (e.g., the Ag or immune antibody) on a surface thereof, adding under lysis conditions a detectably-labeled antibody that specifically binds the immune antibody-Ag complex bound to the beads, and detecting the presence or absence of the detectably-labeled antibody bound to the immune antibody-Ag complex to determine the presence or absence of donor specific antibodies in the biological sample from the recipient. Systems and kits for practicing the subject methods are also provided.

This document relates to methods and materials involved in identifying and/or treating mammals having membranous nephropathy (e.g., membranous nephropathy with an elevated level of a Semaphorin 3B polypeptide in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM)). For example, methods and materials for administering one or more immunosuppressive agents (e.g., corticosteroids, cyclosporine, or a B-cell reduction or depletion agent such as Rituximab) to treat a mammal (e.g., a human) having membranous nephropathy are provided.

Disclosed herein are methods and reagents for determining immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) antibody isotype concentration from biological samples, and for analyzing a plurality of cell samples for IgG antibody production.