This disclosure relates to methods of determining the amount of post translational modification (PTM) associated with one or more tau peptide fragments of a tau protein in a sample, and methods of evaluating a subject for having a tauopathy, the methods comprising, in part, determining the amount of post translational modification (PTM) associated with one or more tau peptide fragments of a tau protein in a sample, and comparing the amount of the tau PTMs associated with one or more tau peptide fragments with one or more reference levels for the tau peptide fragments, thereby determining whether a subject has a tauopathy.

The present invention relates to methods of detecting a neural injury biomarker in a biological sample. The method includes subjecting a biological sample to an assay according to the present invention that produces a measurable signal and detecting the measurable signal. The presence or absence of the measurable signal indicates the presence or absence of the biomarker in the sample. The present invention also relates to methods of determining the state of a subject's neural injury. The present invention also relates to systems and devices useful in carrying out the methods of the present invention.

Provide are a diagnostically useful carrier coated with a recombinant polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, an isolated autoantibody binding specifically to a polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 1, a kit comprising the carrier, a method for the diagnosis of a membranous nephropathy (MN) that includes detecting the presence or absence of an autoantibody binding specifically to a polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 1 in a liquid sample comprising antibodies from a subject, a use of an autoantibody binding specifically to a polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 1 or a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, and a aqueous solution comprising an autoantibody binding specifically to a polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 1.

The present invention provides detection reagents and method for determining risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and/or susceptibility to neurodegenerative disease in a subject.

The present invention provides a method of treating or delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease or other neurological diseases in a patient having or at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or other neurological diseases comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an anti-angiogenic agent. In particular, the present invention provides a method of treating and/or delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease or other neurological diseases by inhibiting Angiopoietin-2 mediated Tie-2 angiogenic pathway comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an inhibitor of the Angiopoietin-2 mediated Tie-2 angiogenic pathway.

Provided is a lateral flow assay device capable of detecting a traumatic brain injury marker including a sample pad into which a blood sample containing a traumatic brain injury marker is injected, an adsorption pad including a probe which is mixed to the marker when the traumatic brain injury marker moves from the sample pad to form a traumatic brain injury marker complex, and a porous film which fluid-communicates with the adsorption pad and capillary-migrates the traumatic brain injury marker complex from the adsorption pad to a detection line, in which the probe includes a capture antibody consisting of an antibody labeled with a specific binding material specifically binding to the traumatic brain injury marker and a detector antibody consisting of an antibody labeled with a fluorescent material having a relatively long emission lifetime of 1 microsecond or more, and a mixture of at least two different kinds-origin antibodies is used as the antibody labeled with the specific binding material or the fluorescent material.

The present invention provides protein markers present in a person's blood sample (such as a plasma, serum, or whole blood sample) that are associated with the Alzheimer's Disease (AD), diagnostic and treatment methods for AD, and kits for diagnosing AD.

Disclosed herein are methods that aid in the determination of whether a subject has a traumatic brain injury (TBI) by detecting levels of at least one biomarker, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), in samples taken from a subject, such as a human subject, where the subject has received a head CT scan that is negative for a TBI.

Epileptic seizures are difficult to diagnose and are often difficult to distinguish from several conditions with similar presentations, and therefore, diagnosis of seizures is often a long, expensive, and unreliable process. This invention provides biomarkers for identifying seizures and epilepsy, assays for measuring and assessing biomarker concentration, predictive models based on biomarkers and computational systems for detecting, assessing and diagnosing phasic and tonic changes associated with seizures and epilepsy in all clinical and healthcare settings. Diagnostic and treatment methods, systems, kits, and predictive models provided herein, provide quantitative and/or qualitative assessment in order to allow patients to proceed immediately to diagnostic and/or treatment protocols, and assess therapeutic treatment effectiveness.

Embodiments of the disclosure are directed to biomarkers, or a panel of biomarkers, that determine progression of Alzheimer's disease, and methods of use thereof.