A method includes estimating a value of a parameter indicative of an age or lifespan of a population of red blood cells of a subject, estimating a value of average glucose (AG) of the subject based on (i) the value of the parameter and (ii) a value indicative of an amount of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of the subject, and providing information for treatment or diagnosis of a hyperglycemia condition of the subject based on the estimated value of AG.

The disclosure relates to a system and method for assessing red blood cell oxygen affinity involving spectrophotometric oxygen dissociation assay (SODA).

Chromatographic assay devices for detecting the presence of free hemoglobin in a liquid biological sample are disclosed. The device comprises a sample application pad and a chromatographic detection pad, wherein the sample application pad is formed of two layers of material. Medical diagnostics devices for use with the chromatographic assay devices are also disclosed, as well as kits and methods of using the chromatographic assay device and/or medical diagnostics device.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for measuring glycated A1c hemoglobin. A glycated hemoglobin level measuring system includes a sample testing apparatus having a microchannel that compresses a blood sample traveling through, a first pair of electrodes coupled to the microchannel, and a second pair of electrodes coupled to the microchannel. The glycated hemoglobin level measuring system further includes an analysis apparatus having sensors coupled to the first and second pairs of electrodes and configured to calculate a travel time taken by a red blood cell to pass through the first and second pairs of electrodes. The glycated hemoglobin level measuring system can use the travel time to measure a rigidity of the red blood cells and the corresponding glycated hemoglobin level.