A data storage device utilized for storing a plurality of data includes a memory and a controller. The memory includes a plurality of blocks, and each of the blocks includes a plurality of physical pages. The controller is coupled to the memory. When the data storage device is initiated, or when the data size read by a host is greater than a threshold value, the controller inspects the status of the data stored by the physical pages of the memory.

A memory controller controls a memory device including memory blocks, and can equalize wear levels of cores for controlling memory devices. The memory controller includes: cores for controlling the zones; a reset information controller for generating reset count values representing a number of reset requests input with respect to the zones, in response to a reset request, and generating reset count sum values obtained by summing reset count values of zones controlled by each of the cores; and a wear level manager for controlling the cores such that a core that is different from a first core having a highest reset count sum value from among the cores controls some of zones controlled by the first core according to whether a difference value between the highest reset count sum value and a lowest reset count sum value from among the reset count sum values exceeds a threshold difference value.

Systems and methods are disclosed including a memory device and a processing device, operatively coupled with the memory device, to perform operations comprising: receiving a write data request to store write data to the memory device; determining a physical block address associated with the write data request; performing a bitwise operation on each bit of the physical block address to generate a seed value; generating an output sequence based on the seed value; performing another bitwise operation on the output sequence and the write data to generate a randomized sequence; and storing, on the memory device, the randomized sequence.

A memory system, a memory controller and an operating method are disclosed. A first area, a second area included in the first area, and a third area are set. An area to which target data is to be written is determined to the first area or the third area. When the target data is written to the first area, the target data is preferentially written to the second area. The number of data bits stored per memory cell in the first area is less than the number of data bits stored per memory cell in the third area. As a consequence, it is possible to secure storage capacity of the memory system to at least a set reference while securing data write performance of the memory system recognized by a host to at least a set reference.

Systems and methods are disclosed, comprising a memory device comprising multiple groups of memory cells, the groups comprising a first group of memory cells and a second group of memory cells configured to store information at a same bit capacity per memory cell, and a processing device operably coupled to the memory device, the processing device configured to adjust a scan event threshold for one of the first or second groups of memory cells to a threshold less than a target scan event threshold for the first and second groups of memory cells to distribute scan events in time on the memory device.

A technique for storage management involves: determining multiple source disk slices from a storage array that provides redundant storage, a current disk group where each of the multiple source disk slices is located being different from a target disk group where the source disk slice is specified to be located; determining multiple destination disk slices from the target disk group based on the multiple source disk slices, the multiple destination disk slices being used to replace the multiple source disk slices; and causing data to be moved to the multiple destination disk slices from the multiple source disk slices. Accordingly, such a technique may improve the reliability of a storage system.

An apparatus includes an extended capability register and an input/output (I/O) memory management circuitry. The I/O memory management circuitry is to receive, from an I/O device, an address translation request referencing a guest virtual address associated with a guest virtual address space of a virtual machine. The I/O memory management circuitry may translate the guest virtual address to a guest physical address associated with a guest physical address space of the virtual machine, and, responsive to determining that a value stored by the extended capability register indicates a restrict-translation-request-response (RTRR) mode, transmit, to the I/O device, a translation response having the guest physical address.

An apparatus includes a processor component of a first node device caused to receive data block encryption data and an indication of size of an encrypted data block distributed to the first node device for decryption, and in response to the data set being of encrypted data: receive an indication of the quantity of sub-blocks within the encrypted data block, and a hashed identifier for each data sub-block; use the data block encryption data to decrypt the encrypted data block to regenerate data set portions from the data sub-blocks; analyze the hashed identifier of each data sub-block to determine whether all data set portions are distributed to the first node device for processing; and in response to a determination that at least one data set portion is to be distributed to a second node device for processing, transmit the at least one data set portion to the second node device.

Described in detail herein are systems and methods for single instancing blocks of data in a data storage system. For example, the data storage system may include multiple computing devices (e.g., client computing devices) that store primary data. The data storage system may also include a secondary storage computing device, a single instance database, and one or more storage devices that store copies of the primary data (e.g., secondary copies, tertiary copies, etc.). The secondary storage computing device receives blocks of data from the computing devices and accesses the single instance database to determine whether the blocks of data are unique (meaning that no instances of the blocks of data are stored on the storage devices). If a block of data is unique, the single instance database stores it on a storage device. If not, the secondary storage computing device can avoid storing the block of data on the storage devices.

Techniques involve: selecting a stream from a plurality of streams having respective update frequencies, the update frequency of the selected stream matching an update frequency of to-be-written data; determining a label of the data based on a label of the selected stream; and sending a write request for the data to a storage system, the write request comprising the label of the data, so that the storage system performs a write operation for the data based on the stream identified by the label. Accordingly, a write amplification factor can be reduced, thereby increasing the effective life of a storage device and improving read and write performance of the storage system.