Described herein is the use of a visible near infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging system as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Also described herein is the use of a VNIR hyperspectral imaging system in high throughput screening of potential therapeutics against AD.

Described are compositions and methods for determining the propensity of a subject with diabetes (e.g., type 1 diabetes) to benefit from treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Using the compositions and methods of the disclosure, a subject with diabetes (e.g., type 1 diabetes) may be identified as likely to respond to BCG therapy on the basis, for example, of a determination that the subject was young (e.g., less than 40 years of age) at the time of onset of the diabetes. Additionally, or alternatively, the subject may be identified as likely to respond to BCG therapy based on a determination that the subject exhibits a reduced rate of glucose uptake, an elevated rate of oxidative phosphorylation, and/or a reduced rate of aerobic glycolysis, for example, as compared to a healthy subject (e.g., a subject without diabetes). The compositions and methods of the disclosure can additionally be used to administer BCG to subjects identified as likely to respond to treatment with a composition comprising BCG.

Non-human animals, and methods and compositions for making and using the same, are provided, wherein the non-human animals comprise a humanization of a Programmed cell death 1 (Pdcd1) gene. The non-human animals, in some embodiments, comprise a genetic modification to an endogenous Pdcd1 gene so that the non-human animals express a PD-1 polypeptide that includes a human portion and an endogenous portion (e.g., a non-human portion).

The present invention relates to a method for real-time measurement of the secretion of at least one compound by at least one individual cell, comprising: the culturing, in a liquid medium, of at least one cell in a culture chamber, at least one wall of which comprises at least one sensitive area, a sensitive area comprising a plurality of ligands, attached to a solid support, each ligand being able to bind specifically to the compound, and an element for real-time transduction of a signal produced by the binding of the compound to one of the ligands; the identification, in a sensitive area, of at least one spot producing a signal; the real-time measurement of the signal produced by the spot identified, representing the amount of compound secreted by an individual cell.

Systems and methods for analyzing metabolite concentration in a subject using a medical imaging system are provided. The method includes, using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR] system, acquiring data from a subject during multiple acquisitions using different echo times for the multiple acquisitions to create a chemical shift domain. The method also includes, using the chemical shift domain, identifying metabolites by at least two chemical shifts and generating a report indicating the metabolites.

Described herein is the use of a visible near infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging system as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Also described herein is the use of a VNIR hyperspectral imaging system in high throughput screening of potential therapeutics against AD.

The present invention provides sensor cells comprising a receptor that binds to an analyte indicative of the presence of an agent, where binding of the analyte to the receptor triggers a detection event that is indicative of the presence of the agent. In certain embodiments, the detection event is appearance of a reporter detectable by the naked eye. The present invention also provides uses of such sensor cells for detecting the presence of an agent in a sample.

A method of assessing neurotoxicity of nanoparticles, includes: preparing a tissue or cell sample of mammal exposed to the nanoparticles; analyzing at least one polyamine metabolite selected from the group consisting of putrescine, N1-acetylspermidine, N8-acetylspermidine, N1-acetylspermine and spermine in the sample; and comparing expression degree of the polyamine metabolite with that of a control.

The present invention relates to a method for measuring the cholesterol uptake capacity of lipoproteins. The present invention also relates to a reagent kit for measuring the cholesterol uptake capacity of lipoproteins. The present invention further relates to a tagged cholesterol which can be used in the method and the reagent kit.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preparing in vitro models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and more particularly of liver steatosis and fibrosing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).