Long awaited is a human liver-like three-dimensional construct that makes it possible to carry out evaluation of human-specific toxicity and the like accurately and in a simple manner. The present invention provides a human liver-like three-dimensional construct comprising a heterospheroid, in which human hepatic cells and other human-derived cells which are not human hepatic cells are aggregated. This human liver-like three-dimensional construct is characterized in that the other human-derived cells are at least one selected from human hepatic stellate cells and the like, and the other human-derived cell to the human hepatic cell count ratio is at least 0.01 but less than 1.

The present invention relates to the fields of life sciences and cell and tissue cultures, especially 3D cultures. Specifically, the invention relates to a method of maintaining the presence or activity of a human or mouse estrogen receptor (ER) in a cell of an ex vivo mammary cell or tissue culture or in a cell of other hormone responsive cell or tissue culture. Also, the present invention relates to a method of maintaining a luminal epithelial phenotype and/or cell identity of a mammalian cell in an ex vivo cell or tissue culture. Still, the present invention relates to a 3D matrix or 3D medium comprising the matrix for ex vivo culture, wherein said 3D matrix or 3D medium comprises one or more mammalian cells or tissues embedded in said 3D matrix or 3D medium, and to a system for ex vivo culture, wherein the system comprises mammalian cells or tissues embedded in a 3D matrix or 3D medium comprising said matrix. Still furthermore, the present invention relates to use of the 3D matrix, 3D medium or system of the present invention e.g. for ex vivo culture of a mammalian cell, drug discovery methods, biomarker studies and/or estrogen receptor (ER) signaling studies.

The present disclosure relates to genetically modified non-human animals that express a human or chimeric (e.g., humanized) CD38, and methods of use thereof.

The present disclosure relates to genetically modified non-human animals that express a human or chimeric (e.g., humanized) IL1B and/or IL1A, and methods of use thereof.

Embodiments described herein relate generally to a three-dimensional ex vivo skeletal muscle tissue comprising a hydrogel and a plurality of cells that includes skeletal muscle cells, at least a portion of the cells being encapsulated inside the hydrogel. In some embodiments, the skeletal muscle tissue is characterized by one or more contractions in response to an electrical and/or chemical stimulation.

System, method and computer readable medium that assess characteristics of an embryo by processing video image data of the embryo. Video is obtained, typically from third parties, of a target embryo. The video has frame speed of two frames per second, or faster and includes image data representing morphokinetic movement of the embryo. The image data is processed using a trained machine learning model that assesses embryo characteristics. The video has a duration of ten minutes or less. The assessment can be a prediction of a likelihood the embryo is viable and/or will produce a pregnancy upon transfer into a recipient. Further, the assessment can predict a likelihood the embryo will: (1) produce offspring having a specific sex; (2) embody a genetic anomaly; (3) perpetuate desired traits in produced offspring and/or (4) produce undesired characteristics in produced offspring.

Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclose describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure also relates to compositions of cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons, and their precursors, that are highly enriched and can be used in variety of application. These cells can be used therapeutically to treat neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and can be used for disease modeling and drug screening.

A method of selecting skin treatment regimens, ingredients and compositions that includes measuring the levels of particular small molecule metabolites on skin both before and after product application and testing for a change in small molecule metabolite levels is disclosed.

A computer-implemented system and method for predicting male sex bovine offspring to result from a bovine embryo by processing video image data of the embryo. The method includes receiving image data derived from video of a target embryo taken at substantially real-time frame speed during an embryo observation period of time. The video contains recorded morphokinetic movement of the target embryo occurring during the embryo observation period of time. The movement is represented in the received image data and the received image data is processed using a model generated utilizing machine learning and correlated embryo outcome data.

The presently-disclosed subject matter generally to methods for identifying and analyzing biomarkers to determine group effects. The presently-disclosed subject matter also relates to methods for identifying genes and proteins that increase or decrease in response to ischemic stroke damage. The disclosed subject matter further describes methods of predicting edema and infarct volume in a patient. Also described herein are methods of determining the necessity of intervention for smokers. Further disclosed herein, are methods for testing therapies for ischemic stroke.