The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosamine expressed by a cancer cell or an inflammatory cell. Also provided are compositions including these antibodies, as well as polynucleotides, vectors, host cells, and methods useful for production thereof. Further provided are methods and kits for treating or preventing cancer in an individual by administering to the individual an antibody that specifically binds to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosamine, optionally in combination with another anti-cancer agent. Still further provided are methods and kits for treating or preventing gastrointestinal disease in an individual by administering to the individual an antibody that specifically binds to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl-galactosamine. Yet further provided are methods and kits for detecting the presence of cancer cells in an individual including an antibody that specifically binds to an epitope containing N-acetylglucosamine and/or N-acetyl-galactosamine.

The present invention relates to methods for detecting the presence or absence of a gynaecological cancer in a subject, the method (a) comprising obtaining a non-invasive sample isolated from the subject; and (b) treating the non-invasive sample to release at least one biomarker from cells in the non-invasive sample. The present invention also relates to lysis buffers, monoclonal antibodies, and kits that can be used in such methods. The present invention also relates to a method for diagnosing a subject as having a gynaecological cancer or a benign gynaecological condition. The present invention also relates to a method for distinguishing between a non-invasive sample associated with a gynaecological cancer and a non-invasive sample associated with a benign gynaecological cancer. The present invention further relates to a method for stratifying a subject into one of two treatment groups.

The invention relates to a device and a method for cancer detection and screening, based on analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds emitted by certain cancerous tumors. The device and method provide high sensitivity and specificity analyses. The sample to be analysed may be e.g. blood or blood plasma. In one aspect, the invention is directed towards detection of or screening for gynaecological cancers, e.g. ovarian cancer. Particularly, the device comprises the following parts: a sample holder for a fluid or solid body sample; an air inlet; a detector tube comprising 4×4-16×4 sensors; optionally an individual potentiometer connected to each sensor of the detector tube; an analogue to digital signal converter; four control cards; a computer-based program for the registration and statistical calculation of results; and an electricity source.

Disclosed herein are methods of treating and making prognostic prediction of, monitoring of therapeutic outcome for treatment of cervical carcinoma in a patient in need thereof by quantifying gene expression in a sample, wherein the genes include 10 high risk genes; calculating the subject's survival risk score by determining the protein expression levels and their relationships using machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence. The survival risk category of a patient is determined by the consensus or plurality voting of a large number of ML models that individually have excellent predictive potential, thus providing a very robust prognostic biomarker for cervical carcinoma.

The capabilities of using gold nanoparticle as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate to obtain cervical smear harvested cells biochemical information for non-invasive cervical precancerous detection were presented in this patent document. A SERS reagent and a platform has been developed and optimized for the generation of a differential spectral fingerprinting for cervical cancer detection. SERS measurements were performed on three group's cervical exfoliated cell samples: one group from patients (n=36) with pathologically confirmed cervical cancer and another group with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (n=41) and the last group from healthy volunteers (control subjects, n=47). Tentative assignments of the Raman bands in the measured SERS spectra suggested interesting cancer specific biomolecular changes, including an increase in the relative amounts of amino acids, nucleic acid, carotenoid contents in the cell samples of cervical cancer patients as compared to that of healthy subjects. The results from this study demonstrated that gold nanoparticle based SERS substrate harvested exfoliated cervical smear cell analysis has tremendous potential for the non-invasive detection of cervical precancerous lesions.

The present invention relates to a method for discrimination of p16.sup.INK4a overexpressing metaplasias from neoplastic or preneoplastic p16.sup.INK4a overexpressing lesions by determination of the level of high risk HPV encoded gene-products such as e.g. HPV E2 and/or HPV E7 molecules in biological samples in the course of cytological testing procedures. The method thus enables for reduction of false positive results in the p16.sup.INK4a based detection of anogenital lesions in cytological testing procedures.

The invention provides novel methods of determining or comparing potency of a test interferon relative to rSIFN-co (an interferon having therapeutic effects on solid tumors); methods of establishing substantial equivalence between a test interferon and rSIFN-co; as well as methods for determining potency of a test interferon, kits for determination of such methods, and an interferon or an interferon substitute having said activities.

The present disclosure relates to compounds that are useful as near-infrared fluorescence probes, wherein the compounds include i) a ligand that binds to a target receptor protein, ii) a dye molecule, and iii) a linker molecule that comprises an amino acid or derivative thereof. The disclosure further describes methods and compositions for making and using the compounds, methods incorporating the compounds, and kits incorporating the compounds. The disclosure also relates to compositions for incorporating the compounds as used for the targeted imaging of tumors. Conjugation of the amino acid linking groups increase specificity and detection of the compound. Methods and compositions for use thereof in diagnostic imaging are contemplated.

The present invention provides an in-vitro process for profiling a combined expression pattern of SATB (special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1) family chromatin organizers i.e. SATB-1 and SATB-2 as a biomarker tool for cancer prognosis to assess cancer aggressiveness and it progression in an array of cancer types. The combined expression pattern of SATB is established by the method of Kaplan Meier survival analysis of a dataset of patients from a plurality of cancer types. Further, the present invention provides a prognostic kit to evaluate the progression of cancer by using the combined expression pattern of SATB-1 and SATB-2 as a biomarker tool for cancer prognosis.

The present invention is related to diagnostic tests or rapid detections of different types of cancer, especially cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Especially, the invention relates to specific and useful protein biomarkers for the detection of said diseases, and to the methods for determination and detection of said biomarkers.