The present disclosure provides a method for accurately measuring post-translational modifications in proteins such as antibodies. In particular, the method pertains to the use of heavy isotopic standards to generate a calibration curve to allow for accurate quantitation of a modified peptide. The method may be used to accurately quantify C-terminal truncation in antibodies using mass spectrometry.

The present invention is related to a method for diagnosing Farber's disease in a subject, wherein the method comprises detecting C26 ceramide in a sample from the subject.

The invention relates to improved RNA compositions for use in therapeutic applications. The RNA compositions are particularly suited for use in human therapeutic application (e.g., in RNA therapeutics). The RNA compositions are made by improved processes, in particular, improved in vitro-transcription (IVT) processes. The invention also relates to methods for producing and purifying RNA (e.g, therapeutic RNAs), as well as methods for using the RNA compositions and therapeutic applications thereof.

Disclosed are methods and systems using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS and 2D-LC-MS/MS) for the proteomic analysis of genotypes. In certain embodiments, samples used in the analysis comprise dried bodily fluids.

Disclosed herein are uses of 4210 peptide as a marker in the diagnosis of liver cancer and cirrhosis. The 4210 Da peptide is differentially expressed in the serum samples of subjects with different hepatitis B-associated liver diseases, specifically, the expression level is the highest in patients with chronic hepatitis B, sequentially followed by patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and healthy controls and those with natural clearance of hepatitis B virus have the lowest expression level of the 4210 Da peptide. The invention provides a novel marker for assisting the diagnosis of a hepatitis B-associated liver disease, which can effectively assist the diagnosis of the hepatocellular carcinoma and the cirrhosis developed from chronic hepatitis B, benefiting the early diagnosis of hepatitis B-associated liver diseases.

Rapid methods that identify sepsis-causing bacteria or yeast aid the physician in critical therapeutic decision-making, thus decreasing patient mortality rates. The methods described herein employ plating microorganisms directly on to a MALDI-MS plate, adding concentrated formic acid, and identifying the microorganism by mass spectrometry. Optionally, an organic solvent may be combined with the formic acid, or added to the sample before or after the concentrated formic acid is added thereto. The methods enable direct extraction of proteins from microorganisms without the need for liquid protein extraction methods and yields positive identification results for gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and yeast in minutes.

The present disclosure provides a method of performing a functional assay on human spheroids, e.g., three-dimensional human cell spheroids using, in one embodiment, a fluorometric imaging plate reader.

A method of ion imaging is disclosed that includes automatically sampling a plurality of different locations on a sample using a front device which is arranged and adapted to generate aerosol, smoke or vapour from the sample. Mass spectral data and/or ion mobility data corresponding to each location is obtained and the obtained mass spectral data and/or ion mobility data is used to construct, train or improved a sample classification model.

A method is disclosed comprising providing a biological sample on a swab, directing a spray of charged droplets onto a surface of the swab in order to generate a plurality of analyte ions, and analysing the analyte ions.

Disclosed herein include systems, devices, and methods for droplet deposition for mass spectrometry. In some embodiments, a microfluidic device comprising wells is reversibly sealed to a mass spectrometry surface and used to deposit contents of droplets (e.g., enzymes and substrates), or products thereof, onto the mass spectrometry surface. The contents of droplets can be analyzed by laser desorption/ionization to, for example, identify a substrate of an enzyme or an enzyme capable of catalyzing a substrate to a product.