In vitro or ex vivo methods for screening a quinoline derivative, or anyone of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, presumed effective in treating and/or preventing an inflammatory disease, the method including: providing an eukaryotic cell, bringing into contact said cell with a quinoline derivative, measuring an expression of miR-124 in the cell, and selecting the candidate presumed effective in treating and/or preventing an inflammatory disease when the level of expression of miR-124 measured is increased relatively to a reference value.

The present invention relates to a method of culturing primitive macrophages from stem cells. Specifically, the method comprises contacting and incubating stem cells with a serum-free culture media comprising a GSK3 inhibitor to differentiate stem cells into cell of the mesoderm lineage, contacting and incubating cells of the mesoderm lineage with a culture media comprising DKK1 to differentiate the cells into the hematopoietic lineage, maturing the cells of the hematopoietic lineage and contacting and incubating these cells with a culture media comprising M-CSF to drive differentiation into primitive-like macrophages. The invention also relates to a primitive-like macrophage, use of the primitive-like macrophage and a kit when used in the method of the invention.

Methods of treating subjects having diseases, disorders, or conditions, including disorders associated with cholesterol homeostasis, responsive to agents modulating Kupffer cell function, including methods of administration and dosing regimens associated therewith, are provided. Methods of treating subjects having liver diseases, disorders, or conditions, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with an IL-10 agent are also provided.

The invention is directed to compositions and methods for generating or enhancing the immune system of a patient against infection by a pathogen, and in particular MTB. Compositions of the invention contain one or more non-naturally occurring antigens that generate an effective cellular or humoral immune response to MTB and/or antibodies that are specifically reactive to mycolic acid or to the surface of MTB. The greater activity of the immune system generated by a vaccine of the invention involve an conjugation of peptides to increase in the generation of memory T cells that provide for a greater and/or longer lived or extended response to an MTB infection. Preferably a response involves an increased generation of antibodies that enhance immunity against MTB infection and promote an enhanced phagocytic response.

The invention provides in part methods of treating cancers of a specific organ or tissue by administering a composition that is antigenically specific for one or more microbes that are pathogenic in the specific organ or tissue in which the cancer is situated.

The present invention provides an approach for the determination of the activation states of a plurality of proteins in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states, expression markers and other criteria, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Moreover, this approach allows the correlation of cellular activities or properties. In addition, the use of modulators of cellular activation allows for characterization of pathways and cell populations. Several exemplary diseases that can be analyzed using the invention include AML, MDS, and MPN.

Methods for identifying drug-saccharide conjugates that bind the mannose receptor, C type 1, (MRC1) and may be taken up by cells expressing MRC1, and the use of such drug-saccharide conjugates for treatment of particular diseases are described. In particular, the methods for identifying insulin-saccharide conjugates that bind the MRC1 receptor and may be taken up by cells expressing the MRC1 and use of such conjugates for treatment of diabetes are described.

Methods for preparing neural-derived compounds, e.g., the debris such as peptides, nucleic acids, or other compounds that would only normally be found in brain or CNS tissue, from circulating phagocytes. The methods herein may feature extracting lysate from circulating phagocytes obtained from outside central nervous system (CNS) tissue, producing a fraction of the lysate comprising CNS-derived compounds, and analyzing the CNS-derived compounds in the fraction.

An empirical Screen for Anti-infectives using Fluorescence microscopy of IntracellulaR Enterobacteriaceae (SAFIRE) was developed. Using this methodology, a library of small molecules and identified antimicrobials that are cell permeable and non-host-toxic were screened. Inhibitors of bacterial efflux pumps were identified as being implicated in antibiotic resistance and are attractive therapeutic targets for antimicrobials.

The present disclosure provides methods of assaying for antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP). In some embodiments, the methods include monomerizing and labeling a protein, contacting the protein with a protein-specific antibody to form an antibody-protein complex, contacting the antibody-protein complex with a phagocytic cell to permit phagocytosis, and assessing the amount of internalized fluorescence.