The systems and methods contained herein are directed toward automated analysis of agglutination reactions to determine properties of materials, including viruses and vaccines thereto. Advanced digital imaging and processing techniques are used to determine the presence or absence of viruses or antibodies within a fluid sample. The systems and methods are versatile, and can be used to determine specific properties of biomaterials and viruses, such as titer value, concentration, genotype, phenotype, serotype, vaccine efficacy, viral resistance and other properties of relevance in the medical, research and development fields. Also provided are systems and methods of standardization, repeatability, and data storage and transmittal to reduce errors and subjectivity inherent to conventional assays characterized by human readers.

The systems and methods contained herein are directed toward automated analysis of agglutination reactions to determine properties of materials, including viruses and vaccines thereto. Advanced digital imaging and processing techniques are used to determine the presence or absence of viruses or antibodies within a fluid sample. The systems and methods are versatile, and can be used to determine specific properties of biomaterials and viruses, such as titer value, concentration, genotype, phenotype, serotype, vaccine efficacy, viral resistance and other properties of relevance in the medical, research and development fields. Also provided are systems and methods of standardization, repeatability, and data storage and transmittal to reduce errors and subjectivity inherent to conventional assays characterized by human readers.

A nanoscale protein-sensing platform with a non-equilibrium on-off switch that employs dielectrophoretic and hydrodynamic shear forces to overcome these thermodynamic limitations with irreversible kinetics. The detection sensitivity is achieved with complete association of the antibody-antigen-antibody (Ab-Ag-Ab) complex by precisely and rapidly assembling carbon nanotubes (CNT) across two parallel electrodes via sequential DC electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis (DEP), and with single-CNT electron tunneling conductance. The high selectivity is achieved with a critical hydrodynamic shear rate between the activated dissociation shear rates of target and non-target linkers of the aligned CNTs.

A nanoscale protein-sensing platform with a non-equilibrium on-off switch that employs dielectrophoretic and hydrodynamic shear forces to overcome these thermodynamic limitations with irreversible kinetics. The detection sensitivity is achieved with complete association of the antibody-antigen-antibody (Ab-Ag-Ab) complex by precisely and rapidly assembling carbon nanotubes (CNT) across two parallel electrodes via sequential DC electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis (DEP), and with single-CNT electron tunneling conductance. The high selectivity is achieved with a critical hydrodynamic shear rate between the activated dissociation shear rates of target and non-target linkers of the aligned CNTs.

The present invention relates to methods for quantifying subpopulations of exosomes and diagnostic and prognostic methods for neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). The invention also provides compositions for quantifying subpopulations of exosomes as well as compositions and methods useful for treating Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

The present invention relates to methods for quantifying subpopulations of exosomes and diagnostic and prognostic methods for neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). The invention also provides compositions for quantifying subpopulations of exosomes as well as compositions and methods useful for treating Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

The present invention relates to an antibody comprising an immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH), an immunoglobulin light chain variable region (VL), an immunoglobulin light chain constant region (CL), an immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region (CH), and two sequences encoding peptide linkers (PL1 and PL2), wherein VH is fused to VL through PL1 and CL is fused to CH through PL2, and its uses for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. The invention further relates to a recombinant nucleic acid molecule encoding said antibody, and an expression cassette, vector, viral particle, host cell, transgenic organism or pharmaceutical composition comprising said recombinant nucleic acid molecule.

The present invention relates to an antibody comprising an immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH), an immunoglobulin light chain variable region (VL), an immunoglobulin light chain constant region (CL), an immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region (CH), and two sequences encoding peptide linkers (PL1 and PL2), wherein VH is fused to VL through PL1 and CL is fused to CH through PL2, and its uses for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. The invention further relates to a recombinant nucleic acid molecule encoding said antibody, and an expression cassette, vector, viral particle, host cell, transgenic organism or pharmaceutical composition comprising said recombinant nucleic acid molecule.

The present disclosure provides an immunological composition for diagnosing lung cancer comprising: an antibody composition A containing an anti-CYFRA21-1 primary antibody-gene and an anti-CYFRA21-1 secondary antibody-detection marker; and an antibody composition B containing an anti-CYFRA 21-1 primary antibody-gene and an anti-human IgG antibody-detection marker; a method for diagnosing lung cancer in a human biological specimen using the same, and a diagnostic kit for lung cancer using the same.

The composition for diagnosing lung cancer and the diagnostic method for lung cancer according to the present disclosure can diagnose the onset of lung cancer stages 0 to IV in a non-invasive biological specimen with a specificity of 90% or more and a sensitivity of 75% or more. In particular, since an autoantibody whose concentration increases rapidly in the early stage of lung cancer is used, it is possible to diagnose the onset of lung cancer stages 0 to 1 with a sensitivity of 76% or more.

A method of recovering a population of extracellular vesicles from a biological sample comprising extracellular vesicles and contaminants is described. In one embodiment, the method comprises: a) removing contaminants from the sample, wherein said contaminants are relatively larger or more dense than the extracellular vesicles; b) contacting the sample of step a) with a plurality of binding compositions, each binding composition having first and/or second moieties capable of binding a recognition motif of the target entities under conditions to allow complexing of the extracellular vesicles with the plurality of binding compositions to form a complexed population of extracellular vesicles, the complexed population of extracellular vesicles having an increased volume and/or higher density in comparison to the extracellular vesicles in individual form; and c) recovering the complexed population of extracellular vesicles.